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Remote‐access total endoscopic thyroidectomy (TET) is a recently established approach that can avoid producing scars in the neck. There are no clear surgical indications for TET for benign nodules or for malignant tumors at present. We report a successful TET in a 50‐year‐old Japanese woman with follicular lymphoma of the thyroid gland after an open neck biopsy. She had been referred to us with a neck tumor noted 2 months earlier. Because of adhesion, we performed a combined resection of the thyroid and partial right sternohyoid muscle. To the best of our knowledge, there is no other report of a TET performed after open neck surgery. Our patient's case demonstrates that (a) the cosmetic outcome of TET is clearly superior to that of conventional open neck surgery, and (b) a TET can be suitable even for reoperation if carefully selected.

Background: Carcinosarcoma of the salivary gland is an extremely rare tumor composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatoid components. This report describes the cytological and pathological findings of a case of carcinosarcoma ex pleomorphic adenoma arising in the right parotid gland. Case: A 47-year-old female visited a hospital with swelling of the right parotid region, slight pain and facial palsy. Fine-needle aspiration smears showed both clustered epithelium-like cells and singly scattered cells in a necrotic background. The cells, especially the latter, exhibited significant cellular pleomorphism and had irregularly shaped nuclei. Myxoid stroma-like cell clusters without cellular atypism were also seen. The right parotid gland was resected, and the tumor tissue was histologically diagnosed as carcinosarcoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Conclusion: The cytological findings of carcinosarcoma ex pleomorphic adenoma have been reported in very few cases. In the present case, various components, including the presence of atypical epithelium-like cell clusters and singly scattered atypical cells with stromal components on cytological specimens, led to consideration of the diagnosis of carcinosarcoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.

Background: As part of our efforts to develop practical intervention applications for cancer prevention, we investigated a risk prediction model for gastric cancer based on genetic, biological, and lifestyle-related risk factors. Methods: We conducted two independent age- and sex-matched case–control studies, the first for model derivation (696 cases and 1392 controls) and the second (795 and 795) for external validation. Using the derivation study data, we developed a prediction model by fitting a conditional logistic regression model using the predictors age, ABCD classification defined by H. pylori infection and gastric atrophy, smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable intake, and 3 GWAS-identified polymorphisms. Performance was assessed with regard to discrimination (area under the curve (AUC)) and calibration (calibration plots and Hosmer–Lemeshow test). Results: A combination of selected GWAS-identified polymorphisms and the other predictors provided high discriminatory accuracy and good calibration in both the derivation and validation studies, with AUCs of 0.77 (95% confidence intervals: 0.75–0.79) and 0.78 (0.77–0.81), respectively. The calibration plots of both studies stayed close to the ideal calibration line. In the validation study, the environmental model (nongenetic model) was significantly more discriminative than the inclusive model, with an AUC value of 0.80 (0.77–0.82). Conclusion: The contribution of genetic factors to risk prediction was limited, and the ABCD classification (H. pylori infection-related factor) contributes most to risk prediction of gastric cancer.