Purpose:  To determine visual rehabilitation of Phacoemulsification in comparison to small incision cataract surgery after implantation of rigid intraocular lens. Study Design:  Quasi Experimental Study. Place and Duration of Study:  Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari and Sindh Government Lyari General Hospital, Karachi, from July 2018 to December 2019. Methods:  Patients with 35 – 70 years age and diagnosed with senile cataracts and visual acuity of <6/36were included. Patients having any corneal disease, intra-ocular pressure > 22 mmHg, high ametropia, any other eye disease were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups of 80 patients each. Group I underwent Phaco-emulsification and group II had Small incision cataract surgery. For data analysis, SPSS version 20.0 was used. Frequency and percentages were calculated for qualitative data and quantitative data was presented as mean and standard deviation. Results:  In a total of 160 patients operated of cataract, male to female ratio was 1:1. The range of astigmatism after 6 months in the group I was between 0.5 – 1.00 D while in the group II, it was between 0.75 – 1.75 D. Uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity of 6/18 or better was seen in 90 and 97% group 1 while it was 85% and 95% in group II patients respectively at sixth month. Conclusion:  No significant difference was seen in uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity between the two groups. Time of surgery was lesser group 2 and Astigmatism was lesser in group 1. Key Words:  Phaco-emulsification, Small Incision Cataract Surgery, Visual Rehabilitation.

Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd: YAG) laser is a non-invasive and effective means to deal with posterior capsule opacification. Although it is safe, it may have some complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy in terms of visual outcomes. MethodologyThis retrospective study was carried out at the eye department of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Lyari and Sindh Government Lyari General Hospital, Karachi, by using a convenient sampling technique. The duration of the study was six months from 1 st January 2020 to 30 th June 2020. 50 eyes of patients older than 20 years of age of either gender with posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery for more than 6 months of duration, capsular fibrosis, and visual distortion due to wrinkling were included in the study. ResultsOur results show that in a total of 50 patients, the mean age was 59.08±5.84 years, of which, 20 (40%) were males. Out of 50 patients, 22 right while 28 left eyes were selected for Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy. None of the patients showed elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) after the 1 st week. Mean IOP was 16.84±3.63 mm of Hg on the 1 st day and mean IOP after 1 st week was 12.48±2.01 mm of Hg. Iritis was observed in 5 (10.0%) patients on the 1 st day and 4 (8.0%) patients on the 1 st week. Raised IOP was observed in 10 (20.0%) cases whereas cystoid macular edema was observed in only 1 (2%) patients on the 1 st day and 1 st week after laser therapy. ConclusionThe study predicted that Nd: Yag laser posterior capsulotomy gives excellent results in terms of visual acuity. Complications that were associated with the Nd: Yag laser capsulotomy was a rise in intraocular pressure, cystoid macular edema, iritis, and IOL pitting.

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