Gangrene of the penis in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis is a rare occurrence. Such patients often have associated comorbidities such as type II diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension, along with secondary hyperparathyroidism leading to dystrophic calcification. These conditions accelerate the process of atherosclerosis, which, along with calcium deposition, causes partial or complete obstruction of the blood vessel lumen, leading to ischaemic necrosis at the tip of the penis. This adds to the pre-existing morbidity and mortality in such patients. In most cases, appropriate medical management is advocated to prevent the deposition of calcium in the lumen.

Neuroendocrine differentiation can be identified in a subset of human breast carcinomas, either as scattered cells or as a predominant neuroendocrine component. Clinically, there are no notable or specific differences in presentation from other type of breast tumors. The diagnosis of neuroendocrine breast carcinoma relies mainly on histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry marker study. Treatment modalities are not different from those for the other conventional types. We report a case of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of breast with relevant discussion on neuroendocrine tumor.

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