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The widespread exposure of metallic nanoparticles to the aquatic ecosystem and its adverse impact on human life is the colossal concern worldwide. In view of this, this context was investigated to analyze microscopically the bioaccumulation and localization of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles in the cellular organelles of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum, 1792) in aquatic conditions. Initially, Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were absorbed on to Elodea ( Elodea canadensis ) and fed to molluscs ( Melanopsis praemorsa ). Fish were fed with the same molluscs, and then the intestines and liver were examined using light and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that nanoparticles were present in the cytoplasm and other organelles of cells (mitochondrion and lysosome) by absorbing through microvilli of the epithelial cells of the tunica mucosa in the intestine. Further, nanoparticles passed through the vessels of the lamina propria of the tunica mucosa and reached to the sinusoids of the liver via blood circulation. It was then accumulated from the endothelium of the sinusoid to the cytoplasm of liver hepatocytes and to mitochondria and lysosome. The accumulation of nanoparticles in the epithelial cells, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and lysosome revealed the degree of transparency of the pattern with slight hesitation. In summary, this investigation contributed towards the understanding of the physiological effects of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on O. mykiss , which ascertains essentiality for sustainable development of nanobiotechnology in the aquatic ecosystem.

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Oceanography and Marine Research J o u rn al of Oc e a n o g ra phy an d M a ri ne Res e a r c h

This article presents the results of experiments on the transitions of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (20–30 nm) and Al (18 nm) from one organism to another, making up a simple food chain (plant–mollusk–fish). In experiments, mollusks (Melonopsis praemorsa) feed on the leaves of plant (Elodea canadensis) after being contaminated with Al or Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were detected using TEM analysis in the cells of the mollusk’s organs. Then the fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed with mollusks. The distribution and localization of nanoparticles in fish organs has been determined. Experimental results showed that nanoparticles can pass from one organism to another in the food chain. Nanoparticles accumulate mainly in the liver of mollusks and fish.