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Background: There is a wide spectrum of salivary gland lesions with morphological and clinical diversity which makes it a difficult task for histopathological interpretation. Tumours of salivary glands are uncommon accounting for 3-10% of the total tumors of head and neck region and less than one percent of all tumours. The aim of this study was to recognize various histomorphological patterns of salivary gland lesions, their frequency, age, gender and site wise distribution.Methods: This study was carried out from June 2015 to May 2018 in the department of Pathology, JLN Medical College and associated Group of Hospitals, Ajmer. Total 121 cases of salivary gland lesions were included. Specimens were processed and stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin stain followed by histopathological examination.Results: Out of total 121 cases, 43.8% were non-neoplastic and 56.2% were neoplastic. In non-neoplastic lesions predominant was chronic sialadenitis (50.9%) followed by mucocele (28.3%) which commonly seen in submandibular gland (47.17%). Among neoplastic cases, 79.4% were benign and 20.6% were malignant lesions. Neoplastic lesions commonly were seen in parotid (75%). Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest benign tumour (81.4%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant salivary tumour. Benign tumours were common in third and fourth decades, whereas malignant tumours were more common in fifth and sixth decades. Male predominance was seen in overall salivary gland lesions.Conclusions: Histopathological examination is mandatory in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions because of their wide spectrum of histomorphology.

Appendiceal primary signet ring cell carcinoma is an extremely rare neoplasm considered to be more aggressive than other appendiceal tumour. Primary appendiceal carcinoma is diagnosed in only 0.9%-1.4% of appendectomy specimens and signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of vermiform appendix is accounting 0.43% of all appendiceal malignancies. Patients of SRCC usually present clinically as acute appendicitis. Preoperative imaging detection of appendiceal adenocarcinoma have limited benefit due it has minimal change like appendicitis or wall thickening without any obvious growth. We reported an extremely rare case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the vermiform appendix in a 55 year old man. Patient had abdominal pain, anorexia and nausea. He underwent appendectomy for appendicitis and histopathologically diagnosed as appendiceal signet ring cell carcinoma with lymph node metastasis.

Background: Beta-thalassemia major is one of major public health problems in India. Thalassemia major is a transfusion-dependent severe anemia and these children experience various problems if the transfusion is inadequate but at the same time repeated blood transfusions are associated with hazards like iron overload.Methods: This study was conducted at thalassemia ward of S.M.S Hospital and J.K.LON paediatrics Hospital, Jaipur from April 2012 to Nov. 2013. 145 thalassemia patients on transfusion therapy attending outdoor or being admitted were assessed after obtaining due permission from the authorities and consent from the guardian or parents of patients.Results: Present study comprised 145 beta-thalassemia major patients with 51 (35%) females and 94 (65%) males in which youngest patient is 3 years old and the oldest 33 years. 104 (72%) were Hindus and 41 (28%) were Muslims. Consanguinity was found in a significant proportion 16% (23) of the parents of the patients. 137 (94%) patients had serum ferritin ³1000ng/ml. Out 145 thalassemic patients, 108 (74.5%) have total serum bilirubin >1(mg/dl), 103 (71%) have SGPT level >35IU, 103 (71%) have SGOT level >40IU), 38 (26.2%) have serum alkaline phosphatase level >390 IU, 35 (24.1%) have serum creatinine level >1.6mg/dl, 42 (29%) have serum urea level >45mg/dl, 28 (19.3%) have serum uric acid level >6mg/dl.Conclusions: It is suggested to revise and devise suitable transfusion regime so that a balance between adequate transfusion and minimum side effects of multiple transfusions is maintained. Systemic effects of multiple transfusions should be rigorously and meticulously studied.