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There is information regarding the rates of gastric cancer (GC) in different populations and the important role of Helicobacter pylori in GC development; however, no comprehensive study has yet been performed to investigate the prevalence of GC in H. pylori-infected patients. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library through January 1, 2000 were searched without language restrictions. Quality of included studies was assessed with a critical appraisal checklist recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. All of the analyses were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software Version 2.0 and Stata 14.0. Forty-four studies from 17 countries were included. The pooled frequency of GC was 17.4% (95% confidence interval: 16.4-18.5) in H. pylori-infected population. The frequency of GC among H. pylori-infected population varied markedly across countries. The highest rate of GC was observed in H. pylori-infected individuals from Asian countries. The frequency of GC was relatively high in H. pylori-infected population in the world. However, the eradication of H. pylori might be a promising strategy for GC prevention, especially in high-risk populations such as Asian countries.

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Background: Depression and anxiety are the most common psychiatric disorders that widely occur in industrial societies and severely affect individual's lives. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of NAC against chronic noise-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Methods: Fifty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, noise90 dB, noise110 dB, noise 90+NAC, and noise 110+NAC groups. Animals in the noise groups were exposed to the 90 and 110 dB 2 h/day for 30 days. NAC groups received NAC (325 mg/kg P.O.) 20 min after being exposed to noise. To evaluate depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, mice were subjected to open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), tail suspension test (TST), and elevated plus maze (EPM) tasks. At the end of the behavioral tests, animals were sacrificed and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the hippocampus (HIP) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Results: The results showed that exposure to noise would induce anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, being reversed by NAC administration. Moreover, chronic administration of NAC resulted in a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA levels) in the PFC and HIP of noise-exposed mice. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the administration of NAC would reduce the adverse effects of noise on the brain and would exert anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects.

Background: Sirtuins (SIRT) have recently been identified as the pivotal regulators of lifespan and health. SIRT1 has protective effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD) and through its deacetylase activity it regulates numerous essential pathways including regulating blood pressure, reducing atherosclerosis, heart protection against oxidative stress and inducing cardiac cell survival and growth.Aims: Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate whether two genetic polymorphisms of SIRT1 rs3758391 T/C and rs369274325 G/T are associated with the risk of CVD.Material and methods: A total of 500 Iranian subjects including 250 CVD patients and 250 healthy individuals as the control group were recruited in this case-control study. Genotyping of SIRT1 rs3758391 T/C and rs369274325 G/T polymorphisms were performed using PCR-RFLP and Tetra-ARMS PCR methods, respectively.Results: Our findings indicated a significant difference between two groups regarding the SIRT1 rs3758391 CC genotype in both additive and recessive models. The rs3758391 CC genotype was found to be more frequent in CVD patients than in the controls (19% vs. 6%), suggesting a statistically significant difference in either of additive (CC vs. TT; OR = 3.06, P = 0.001) as well as recessive models (CC vs. TT + CT genotype; OR = 3.72, P = 0.001).Conclusion: Our study for the first time suggests that the SIRT1 rs3758391 T/C polymorphism may confer an increased risk of CVD in both additive and recessive models, in this Iranian population.Ó 2014 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Ain Shams University.