The two-meter-long DNA is compressed into chromatin in the nucleus of every cell, which serves as a significant barrier to transcription. Therefore, for processes such as replication and transcription to occur, the highly compacted chromatin must be relaxed, and the processes required for chromatin reorganization for the aim of replication or transcription are controlled by ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelers. One of the most highly studied remodelers of this kind is the BRG1- or BRM-associated factor complex (BAF complex, also known as SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex), which is crucial for the regulation of gene expression and differentiation in eukaryotes. Chromatin remodeling complex BAF is characterized by a highly polymorphic structure, containing from four to 17 subunits encoded by 29 genes. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the role of BAF complex in chromatin remodeling and also to use literature mining and a set of computational and bioinformatics tools to analyze structural properties, intrinsic disorder predisposition, and functionalities of its subunits, along with the description of the relations of different BAF complex subunits to the pathogenesis of various human diseases.

Background: Clostridiodes (or Clostridium) difficile is a spore-forming, Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium which may cause symptoms ranging from diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis. During the C. difficile infection (CDI), the two primary bacterial toxins, toxin A (TcdA) or toxin B (TcdB), disrupt host cell function mainly through the inactivation of small GTPases that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Both toxins have complex structural organization containing several functional domains. Methods: Analytical bioinformatics tools are used to compare the extent of disorder within TcdA and TcdB proteins, and to see if the existence of structural disorder can be used to explain the difference in the functionality of these toxins. Results: This paper’s aim is to offer an overall review of the structural and functional differences between TcdA and TcdB. Conclusions: Results of our multifactorial bioinformatics analysis revealed that intrinsic disorder may play a role in the multifunctionality of C. difficile major toxins TcdA and TcdB, suggesting that intrinsic disorder may be related to their pathogenic mechanisms.