To test the validity and reliability of Padua Inventory (PI) on an Iranian population in Shiraz city Iran, this research has been conducted. In the current study, items of PI following translation into Persian were carried out. Along the way, a sample consisting of two groups of subjects as follows: patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who were referred to mental health centers located in Shiraz (n = 100), and healthy individuals (n = 100) who were randomly selected employees of mental health centers, located in Shiraz city. The results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach's alpha showed a good level of the reliability and confirmed PI factorial structure that was consistent with previous studies. The results showed a significant statistical difference between OCD patients and control participants regarding PI scores with patients showing higher scores to provide evidence of construct validity of PI as an instrument.