Sol–gel method has been employed to prepare Ni–Zn ferrite with chemical formula Ni[Formula: see text]ZnxFe2O4 where [Formula: see text] 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The structural Ni–Zn ferrite was studied via the X-ray diffractometer (XRD) pattern. X-ray analysis showed that there is a small shift in peaks towards shorter angles which increases with the concentration of zinc. Experimental values of lattice constant was varied from 8.34 of Ni ferrite to 8.397[Formula: see text]nm for Ni–Zn ferrite. The crystallite size of Ni ferrite was 83[Formula: see text]nm which is decreasing with substituted Zn to it and became 43[Formula: see text]nm at [Formula: see text]. Therefore, the superparamagnetic behavior appears with substitution of Zn to Ni ferrite. The saturation magnetization, remiensis, coersivity, magnetic moment and anisotropy constant were calculated according to hysteresis loop using the result of vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The effect of cation distribution appeared clearly through the saturation magnetization value which was 46.8[Formula: see text]emu/gm for nickel ferrite and increased to an optimum value (59.64[Formula: see text]emu/gm) at [Formula: see text].

The X-ray and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are used to studying the structural and elastic properties of Ni-Zn ferrite doped lithium according to the chemical formula Ni 1−x Zn x−2y Li y Fe 2?y O 4 , where (0≤x≤0.5) and (y=0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04) which preparation by sol-gel method. Lattice constant (a), crystallite size, and cation distribution are deduced from XRD. FTIR measurement exhibits that two absorption bands (ν 1 and ν 2) around 400-800 cm −1 that confirm the existence of tetrahedral and octahedral sites of ferrite. Force constant, elastic wave velocity, bulk modulus, and young's modulus also reported. The force constant for A-site is larger than for B-site which vary between (K A =131.6-145.5 N/m) and (K B =97.8-102.3 N/m) where can be found the values of elastic constant for nanoparticle is agreement with those of bulk material.

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Lithium doped Nickel-Zinc ferrite material with chemical formula Ni0.9−2x Zn0.1LixFe2+xO4, where x is the ratio of lithium ions Li+ (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04) prepared by using sol-gel auto combustion technique. X-ray diffraction results showed that the material have pure cubic spinal structure with space group Fd-3m. The experimental values of the lattice constant (aexp) were decreased from 8.39 to 8.35 nm with doped Li ions. It was found that the decreasing of the crystallite size with addition of lithium ions concentration. The radius of tetrahedral (rtet) and octahedral (roct) site were computed from cation distribution. SEM images have been taken to show the morphology of compound. The dielectric parameters [dissipation factor (Df), the dielectric constant (Ԑ') and a.c. conductivity (ζac)] of spinal ferrite nano-powder have been measured. The dielectric parameters as a function of concentration have been studied for ferrite synthesis. The saturation of magnetization (Ms), remiensis (Mr) and coersivity (Hc) were found from hysteresis loop. The Ms and Hc varied from 36.47 to 66.15 emu/gm and 103 to 133 Oe for ferrite synthesis, respectively.