This study verifies associated factors with trait and state anxiety in professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was composed of 315 athletes, coaches, and physical trainers of professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. From this amount, 214 were classified with trait anxiety, and 315 were classified with state anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). This study is an epidemiological and cross-sectional study. We applied an observational method, and we performed a remote measurement. The measurement was made via online questionnaires in male and female individuals working on soccer teams (soccer professionals or athletes) who could be affected by anxiety during social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic. Each questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic questions, self-perceived performance, and STAI. The main results indicated a significant difference between female vs. male soccer professionals in state anxiety (54.97 ± 9.43 vs. 57.65 ± 9.48 index) and trait anxiety (54.21 ± 5.74 vs. 55.76 ± 6.41 index) with higher results in men. Sociodemographic variables impacted significant differences between female and male athletes and professionals of soccer clubs, and anxiety during the pandemic COVID-19 period impacted self-perceived performance analysis. The present results highlight the importance of cognitive behavior therapy for professional soccer teams.
This study aimed to determine the impact of a soccer game on the creatine kinase (Ck) response and recovery and the specific Global Positioning System (GPS)-accelerometry-derived performance analysis during matches and comparing playing positions. A sample composed of 118 observations of 24 professional soccer teams of the Brazil League Serie A was recruited and classified according to playing positions, i.e., Left/Right Defenders (D = 30, age: 25.2 ± 5.8 years, height: 187 ± 5.5 cm, weight: 80 ± 5.8 kg), Offensive Midfielders (OM = 44, age: 25.1 ± 0.2 years, height: 177 ± 0.3 cm, weight: 73 ± 1.2 kg), Forwards (F = 9, age: 25.1 ± 0.2 years, height: 176.9 ± 4.3 cm, weight: 74.5 ± 2.1 kg), Left/Right Wingers (M = 23, age: 24.5 ± 0.5 years, height: 175 ± 1.1 cm, weight: 74 ± 4.4 kg), and Strikers (S = 12, age: 28 ± 0.2 years, height: 184 ± 1.0 cm, weight: 80 ± 1.4 kg). Blood Ck concentration was measured pre-, immediately post-, and 24 h postgame, and the GPS-accelerometry parameters were assessed during games. Findings demonstrated that Ck concentrations were higher at all postgame moments when compared with pregame, with incomplete recovery markers being identified up to 24 h after the game (range: 402–835 U/L). Moreover, Midfielders (108.6 ± 5.6 m/min) and Forwards (109.1 ± 8.3 m/min) had a higher relative distance vs. other positions (100.9 ± 10.1 m/min). Strikers [8.2 (8.1, 9.05) load/min] and Defenders [8.45 (8, 8.8) load/min] demonstrated lower load/min than Wingers [9.5 (9.2, 9.8) load/min], Midfielders [10.6 (9.9, 11.67) load/min], and Forwards [11 (10.65, 11, 15) load/min]. These results could be used to adopt specific training programs and recovery strategies after match according to the playing positions.
Present study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of cross training benchmarck on the physiological parameters associated with mental abilities according to performance. Thirty-two practitioners were divided according to their performance, Elite Group (n = 07) Advanced Group (n = 10) and Beginner group (n = 15). This research compares groups and pre-WOD and post-WOD. Result showed significance concerning the performance in WOD Fran (E: 177.1±29.8s <A: 314.3±46.8s and I: 538.2±102.1s), total robustness (A: 50.20±5.24 ˃ E: 43.86±7.47 and I: 43.47±5.81) and control (A: 22.20±3.36 ˃ E: 20.14±3.93 and 19.07±3.65), lactate (E: 13.1±1.8mmol <A: 15.1±3.2mmol and I: 16.1±3.7mmol), heart rate (E : 188.0±6.6bpm ˃ A: 174.1±16.1bpm and I: 185.1±8.9bpm), systolic blood pressure (E: 149.7±11.5mmHg <A: 151.0±9.2mmHg and I: 152.5±8.1mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (E: 73.4±6.2mmHg ˃ A: 72.8±9.6mmHg and I: 69.3±7.1mmHg). Significant correlations in the Elite group in lactate and appearance and systolic blood pressure and choice. Advanced Group significant correlations in WOD time and extroversion, lactate and confidence and heart rate and reading. Beginner Group significant correlations in WOD time and Achievement, lactate and constancy and lactate and flexibility. Present study concluded that about mental abilities, Advanced level athletes showed greater total strength than athletes from Elite and Beginner groups.
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