This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the hydration pattern of landrace bean genotypes and their physiological quality. The hydration curve of eight landrace (BAFs 07, 13, 23, 42, 44, 50, 55, 81) and two commercial cultivars (IPR-88-Uirapurú and Iapar 81) genotypes was determined from seed moisture. Determination of initial physiological quality was performed by germination and vigor tests (seedling performance and accelerated aging). Characterization of the genotypes, regarding accelerated aging tests, showed that BAFs 13, 42, 55 and 81 had the highest physiological potential, whereas BAFs 07, 23, 44, 50 and the commercial cultivars had lower physiological quality. The hydration curve followed a triphasic pattern with radicle protrusion occurring between 21 and 27 hours after seed hydration. The percentage of reserves translocated to the seedling during formation showed that BAF 42 had the highest conversion efficiency compared to the smaller efficiencies of BAFs 23, 50 and Iapar 81. The seedling length test showed that BAFs 42 and 55 had the most vigorous seedlings, which was driven by the high percentage of reserves translocated to the seedling during formation. BAFs 23, 50 and the cultivar Iapar 81 showed lower reserve translocation, demonstrating that low mobilization potential leads to smaller seedlings. The hydration of bean seeds during germination was affected by physiological quality, as genotypes considered more vigorous exhibited higher hydration rates than those of the less vigorous genotypes. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris. Germination. Vigor. Landrace genotypes. ResumoO trabalho objetivou verificar relação do padrão de hidratação de genótipos crioulos de feijão e a sua qualidade fisiológica. Utilizaram-se oito genótipos crioulos (BAFs 07, 13, 23, 42, 44, 50, 55, 81) e dois comerciais (IPR-88-Uirapurú e Iapar 81) submetidos à determinação da curva de hidratação por meio da umidade das sementes. A determinação da qualidade fisiológica inicial foi realizada por meio do teste de germinação e testes de vigor (desempenho de plântulas e envelhecimento acelerado). A caracterização dos genótipos quanto ao teste de envelhecimento acelerado evidenciou os BAFs 13, 42, 55 e 81 como sendo de maior potencial fisiológico, e os BAFs 07, 23, 44 e 50 e cultivares comerciais, apresentando menor qualidade fisiológica. A curva de hidratação seguiu padrão trifásico com protrusão radicular entre 21 e 27 horas. O percentual de reserva translocada para a formação da plântula demonstrou que o BAF 42 obteve a maior eficiência de conversão comparada às menores, BAFs 23 e 50 e cultivar Iapar 81. Os BAFs 42 e 55 apresentaram plântula mais vigorosa pelo teste de comprimento de plântulas, decorrente do alto percentual de reserva translocada para a formação da plântula. Os BAFs 23 e 50 e a cultivar Iapar 81 apresentaram menor translocação de reservas e demonstraram que este baixo potencial de mobilização culminou com plântulas menores. A hidratação das sementes de feijão durante a germinação foi afetad...
RESUMO -O nitrogênio é um dos macronutrientes essenciais aos seres vivos, o que o torna um dos fatores limitantes para o crescimento vegetal. Apenas uma parcela dos procariotos, os diazotróficos, possui a capacidade de reduzir o nitrogênio atmosférico para outras formas disponíveis às plantas. A bracatinga é uma espécie arbórea de importância econômica capaz de estabelecer simbiose mutualística com organismos diazotróficos, sendo os seus principais usos: produção de energia, madeira, forragem, indústria química de produtos naturais, apicultura, paisagismo e sombreamento e recuperação de áreas degradadas e zonas ripárias. Este estudo objetivou estabelecer relação entre a diversidade cultural e morfológica e a variabilidade genética dos isolados nodulantes em bracatinga de diferentes condições edafoclimáticas. Coletaram-se nódulos radiculares retirados ao acaso em sete áreas compreendidas entre o Vale do Itajaí, Planalto Sul e Meio-Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina. Foi observada ampla diversidade cultural entre os diazotróficos presentes, havendo predomínio de isolados de rápido crescimento, de colônia com coloração branca leitosa, formato circular, borda lisa e superfície mucoide. Entre os parâmetros avaliados, a transparência da colônia, a produção de muco e a alteração do pH foram considerados relevantes para a diferenciação dos isolados. A caracterização taxonômica dos isolados foi realizada por comparação dos fragmentos sequenciados, sendo as espécies isoladas deste conjunto amostral pertencentes aos gêneros Burkholderia, Pantoea, Pseudomonas e Rhizobium.Palavras-chave: Mimosa scabrella (Benth.); FBN; Endofíticos. CULTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF DIAZOTROPHICS ISOLATED FROM NODULES OF BRACATINGAABSTRACT -Nitrogen is one of the essential macronutrients for living beings, which makes it one of the limiting factors for plant growth. Only a portion of the prokaryotes, the diazotrophics, has the ability to reduce atmospheric nitrogen to other forms available to plants. Bracatinga is an economically important arboreal species capable of establishing mutualistic symbiosis with diazotrophic organisms. Its main uses are: energy production, wood, forage, chemical industry of natural products, beekeeping, landscaping and shadowing and recovery of degraded areas and riparian zones. The present study aimed to establish relationship between cultural and morphological diversity and genetic variability from nodules of bracatinga isolated in different edaphoclimatic conditions. Root nodules randomly collected from seven areas between the Vale do Itajaí, Plateau South and Midwest of the State of Santa Catarina. Broad cultural diversity was observed among the present diazotrophics, and there was a predominance of fast-growing isolates of colony with milky white 1 Recebido em 25.02.2014 aceito para publicação em 07.07.2015.
Seed reserve mobilization is considered a post-germination process; however, seed storage protein mobilization occurs during germination. Thus, the knowledge of seed protein composition is important to understand various processes during germination, and it be associated with seed vigor. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize landrace genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) through fractionation of seed storage proteins during germination and to verify the association between seed protein composition and seed vigor. Genotypes of the highest (55 and 81) and lowest (23 and 50) physiological quality were selected. Protein content analysis, profiling, and characterization were performed by combining different hydration times. Mass spectrometry involving in-gel digestion and MALDI-ToF analysis was employed for the qualitative identification of proteins. Glutelin extraction detected the enzyme lipoxygenase in genotypes 55 and 81 alone. In plants, this enzyme may be involved in diverse physiological processes, including growth and development, pest resistance, senescence, and response to wounding. In the process of germination, lipoxygenase removes reactive oxygen species during reserve mobilization; therefore, lipoxygenase may be a candidate biochemical marker for high-vigor genotypes.
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