The concept of circular economy has factually become a cornerstone for describing a necessary redesign of a hypothetic Arctic industrial eco-system or geosocioeconomic (GSE) system to get to a better sustainability. Given the quarter-century-old post-Soviet hibernation of Russian Arctic politics, the authors have largely focused their research on an analysis of relevant foreign sources. These sources were grouped by the following topics: (1) a model of the circular economy as the most suitable for such a remote and vulnerable region as the Arctic; (2) modifying the model of consumers’ consumption taking into account the main principles of circular economy; and (3) creating a mental sustainability construct in the mind of sustainability stakeholders with emphasis on current and future students. Despite the fact that consumers’ consumption holds a prominent role on the way toward the sustainable development of Arctic regions the said role is not well accounted for in the literature on circular economy. This paper contains the appeal to continue studying thoroughly the relationship between consumers’ consumption and building a circular economy in the light of implementing the concept of sustainable development, which is especially important for the Arctic. The paper is supplied with graphic materials that could have a didactic value.

The paper considers some issues connected with developing the innovation theory in Russia and abroad drawing on Russian scientific literature and textbooks. It is revealed that while understanding the need for an innovative way for the development of national economy, Russia lacks a harmonious and conventional innovation theory. The paper presents a critique of theoretical positions of a number of Russian authors concerning classification and essence of innovation, the corresponding terminological paradigm alongside the main mechanisms of innovations diffusion. We provide a comparison and corresponding generalization of our approach to diffusion mechanisms with those of foreign scientists. We note that the insufficient preparedness of many researchers in contextual understanding of both foreign terms and some notions of political economy poses significant obstacles to the development of innovation theory in Russia. We finally offer some recommendations to improve the innovation theory in Russia.