Sanitary landfill remains the most common methodology for final treatment and disposal of municipal solid waste worldwide, the cost per tonne depends on its scale. The bigger the landfill, the cheaper the cost of treatment, so the consortium of municipalities is the solution to achieve an economic scale. However, the growth of waste production introduces pressure for adequate solutions and therefore has been increasing sanitary landfill site selection studies. This study proposes a methodology for siting sanitary landfills and optimising the transport of municipal solid waste for a locality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Environmental, social, and economic criteria were established. Their correlated attributes were categorised into suitability levels and weighted according to multiple decision analysis. The data were organised and mapped within a geographic information system. Considering sites where landfills are prohibited, two scenarios were generated. The Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming mathematical model is used to minimise the costs of transporting municipal solid waste and operating sanitary landfills. In Scenario 1, the results indicated that 64% of the area was suitable as a potential sanitary landfill site, 9% of the area exhibited medium suitability, and 27% of the area was classified as restricted. In Scenario 2, the results indicated that 25% of the area was suitable as a potential sanitary landfill site, 4% of the area had medium suitability, and 71% of the area was classified as restricted. The optimal solutions for Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 enabled sites to be determined for five landfills and four landfills, respectively.
A ocorrência de eventos erosivos acelerados associados à implantação de sistemas de transportes é um dos principais problemas socioambientais enfrentados pelas concessionárias brasileiras. Em geral, na literatura, os estudos relativos às análises de dinâmica de desenvolvimento e à ocorrência de processos erosivos estão inseridos em abordagens ambientais teórico-metodológicas consagradas nas áreas de Geociências e Engenharias. Em diversas áreas do conhecimento e nas mais variadas abordagens capazes de subsidiar processos de análise, monitoramento e controle de riscos ambientais, técnicas estatísticas de análises multivariadas de dados associadas à utilização de sistemas de informações geográficas (SIG) têm sido ferramentas amplamente utilizadas. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa propõe a combinação do uso de geotecnologias e Análise Multivariada de Dados (Análise Hierárquica de Pesos - AHP) para análise dos níveis de suscetibilidade à erosão no terreno que corresponde ao entorno da linha férrea Malha Paulista, uma das principais ferrovias do país. O modelo gerado foi testado a partir de dados produzidos pelo Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo (IPT). Os resultados fornecem a leitura das características ambientais do terreno selecionadas para composição do indicador e a análise da quantificação das áreas classificadas em níveis de suscetibilidade.
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