No abstract

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) are antibody-mediated channelopathies caused by complex immunological mechanisms, which are thus associated with multiple autoimmune diseases. This paper describes the case of a Colombian male patient with a history of seropositive MG that required thymectomy. After four years, he had an Optic Neuritis event and 30 years later, due to suspected autoimmune comorbidities, further investigations were performed, confirming the coexistence of NMOSD with presence of Anti-Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies (Abs). Several reports in the literature show that the coexistence of these two pathologies is more common than expected by chance. Few cases have been reported in Latin America, which makes this report meaningful. In contrast to our case, the literature shows a higher incidence among women, but, on the other hand, it is consistent with an onset with mild or moderate MG symptoms at the clinical presentation, most of which led to thymectomy, followed by manifestations of NMOSD. Timely diagnosis and the consequent therapeutic adjustment may have a significant impact on the disability of these patients. There is a need for more reports in order to extend the statistical information and to improve the characterization of these patients, primarily in our Latin American region.

El estudio del patrimonio y el paisaje puede realizarse desde diferentes enfoques: atendiendo elementos que relacionan a las comunidades con su entorno natural o a través de los legados materiales e inmateriales que estas generan. Las líneas de investigación emanadas de estos enfoques requieren de la participación de diferentes disciplinas que, desde un marco conceptual particular, provean de ópticas específicas a los complejos problemas de investigación del patrimonio y el paisaje. La presente obra compila investigaciones relacionadas con el patrimonio, material e inmaterial, y el paisaje desde variadas perspectivas: patrimonio edificado y su seguridad estructural, paisajes simbólicos o patrimonio intangible y su relación con el entorno social; también se analiza el vínculo que el paisaje y el patrimonio establecen con la sustentabilidad. El conocimiento de los distintos puntos de vista desde los que se abordan ambas vertientes de estudio puede contribuir a lograr una visión integral capaz de enriquecer futuras investigaciones.