Creativity is one of the most appreciated learning skills current the XXI century. The development of creativity has been considered essential in order to achieve an effective and a high-level learning. As different approaches to its study, creativity has been defined as a result, as a process, as a construct derived from the influence of the context and of the experience and as a personality feature of human nature. The aim of this contribution is to explain the study of creativity from the mentioned approaches to achieve a comprehension of such construct. In addition, the focus has been centred on highlight the development of creativity from an educational approach, starting from the description, implication of the use and application of creative strategies in the teaching and learning processes. Finally, a brief description is made of the most important or relevant strategies found in the literature, with emphasis on the incorporation of these strategies in the problem-solving process.
Este artículo evalúa los efectos en la creatividad de un proyecto interdisciplinar de creación grupal denominado “La voz del rehén”, basado en los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. La muestra estuvo formada por 53 estudiantes –32 hombres y 21 mujeres– con una media de edad de 21,82±3,49 años del Grado en Magisterio de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Zaragoza –España–. Se trata de una investigación pre-experimental sin grupo control con medidas antes y después del proyecto. El instrumento de evaluación de la creatividad fue la Prueba de Imaginación Creativa para Adultos –PIC-A–. Se realizó una prueba t de Student y una ANOVA para observar si existían diferencias significativas entre el pre y post. Se utilizó el software SPSS de IBM versión 26. Los resultados mostraron que: i) los participantes han obtenido mejoras significativas en la puntuación total; ii) se han obtenido mejoras significativas en la fantasía y en la creatividad narrativa –fluidez, flexibilidad y originalidad–; iii) no se han obtenido mejoras significativas en la creatividad gráfica. Este estudio confirma la importancia de la incorporación en el sistema universitario de programas interdisciplinares de creatividad y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible como enfoque de aprendizaje. Abstract. This article assesses the effects on creativity of an interdisciplinary creative acrosport programme, called “La voz del rehén”, which is based on the sustainable development goals. The simple comprised 53 individuals -32 men and 21 women- with an average age of 21,82±3,49, all of whom were studying a Primary Education Teacher Training Degree at Zaragoza University (Spain). It was a pre-experimental study, with no control group, with measures before and after the programme. The creative assessment instrument was the Prueba de Imaginación Creativa para Adultos –PIC-A– [Creative Imagination Test for Adults]. A Student’s t-test and ANOVA test were performed to discover significan differences in pre- and post- programme. Version 26 of the IBM SPSS program was used. Results showed that: i) participants obteined significant improvements in total score; ii) participants obteined significant improvements in fantasy and narrative creativity –fluency, flexibility and originality–; iii) participants did not obtein- significant improvements in graphic creativity. These studies confirm the importance of incorporating interdisciplinary creativity programmes into the university system and Sustainable Development Goals –SDG– as a learning aproach.
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