Objective: to verify how the diversification of teaching and learning scenery approach medical students to the everyday reality of their future labor, and the role of this activity as a booster of the development of a criticize view.Methodology: transversal and qualitative study using the Environment Study as a guiding tool. It was analyzed 35 students' reports from the Medical School of Federal University of Cariri (UFCA), in Barbalha, interior of Ceará, Brazilian Northeast, from January to June of 2014.Results: the students highlighted the importance of the premature experience to the community health care, making critical to the learning process the experiences proposed in the Environment Study. they also related the importance of a well-equipped physical structure and an appropriated ambience, which gave them conditions to learn and to reflect about the reality in which they are inserted. the proposed activity provided stimulus to seek new sources of knowledge to understand the reality in which they were inserting themselves.Conclusion: the use of Environment Study allowed students to understand themselves as direct agents of their learning process, providing ways to build possibilities to do an active, participative, productive and reconstructive work.