Despite the efforts to improve the methodological standards of silage trials, many factors that can influence the results of lab-scale studies need to be better understood. This study aimed to determine the effects of short-time delayed sealing and inoculation with a blend of Lentilactobacillus buchneri and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on fermentation, aerobic stability, and chemical composition of silages. Whole-crop maize was treated with or without a commercial inoculant and ensiled (29.3% dry matter) for 55 days in 8.8 L PVC silos that were sealed immediately (up to 30 min delay) or after a delay (90, 150, or 210 min between chopping and sealing) with five replicates each. The increasing air exposure before sealing increased fermentation losses and reduced silage nutritional value. Crude protein and ash were significantly affected by inoculation, with control treatments showing higher ash and lower protein values. Lignin, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were only affected by the delay period. The longer the sealing delay, the higher the gas production, and the lower the starch values and lactic acid content observed in samples. Inoculation was inefficient in reducing total dry matter losses, but it increased aerobic stability, acetic acid, and ethanol contents of silages and reduced effluent loss. Control silages had higher total dry matter loss during the aerobic exposure than inoculated silages. The results confirmed that the delay periods tested were long enough to negatively interfere with the chemical composition of silages, especially the fibrous fraction content.
Resumo. O processo de ensilagem de forragens é uma das principais formas de armazenamento, mantendo seu valor nutricional nos períodos de estiagem. Visando a melhora do processo fermentativo e eficiência na preservação das silagens, vem se utilizando inoculantes microbianos em muitas propriedades rurais. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade nutricional das silagens de milho e de sorgo acrescida de doses de inoculante Silomax Milho e Sorgo (Lactobacillus plantarum) como aditivo em duas idades de corte. O experimento foi realizado no Núcleo de Agricultura do Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas -Campus Barbacena. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2X3 com 5 repetições em silos de PVC (30 cm de comprimento e 100 mm de diâmetro) totalizando 30 silos para cada cultura. O inoculante foi aplicado nas seguintes doses: sem inoculante (apenas água); 100 g por tonelada e 200g por tonelada, os mesmos para cada idade de corte. Após 60 dias de ensilagem foram avaliados os níveis de Proteína Bruta (PB), Matéria Seca (MS), Fibra detergente neutro (FDN) e Fibra detergente ácido (FDA). Os resultados demonstraram que a silagem de sorgo foi significativamente influenciada em sua MS pelos tratamentos (P = 0,0081), não sendo observados efeitos entre as idades de corte (P > 0,05) com os teores de MS variando de 27,46 a 29,08% na primeira idade de corte e de 29,17 a 29,66% na segunda idade de corte. A utilização do inoculante bacteriano Lactobacillus plantarum teve efeito consistente apenas sobre os níveis de matéria seca da silagem de sorgo, não promovendo alterações significativas sobre as demais variáveis analisadas.
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