No abstract

No abstract

Well drilling is accompanied by the formation of significant volumes of water that contain mechanical and biological impurities. The purpose of the work is to investigate the possibility of regulating the biological properties of drilling and other types of water that using the technologies of electrical processing (electrooxidation). The analysis of methods and technologies for the disinfection of aqueous solutions and emulsions is carried out. The process of electrooxidation of bacteria in contact with the surface of the electrode plates is considered. The determination of the electrokinetic charge of the surface of particles (bacteria) is carried out, which must be taken into account when calculating the processes and equipment for the electrooxidation of bacteria in technological aqueous solutions such as emulsions. The processes of electrooxidation of aqueous emulsions such as Ukrinol and Triethanolamine which are widely used in cutting, grinding, etc., are considered. Physical and mathematical models of disinfection processes at different values of electric current and surface area of oxidizing electrodes are studied. The factors influencing the disinfection process have been determined. Conceptual approaches to the creation of electrooxidizing devices for the disinfection of emulsions directly in the channels through which aqueous technological solutions move are proposed. Aspects of practical application of electrooxidation technology are considered.

This paper reports a study of the air medium where welding processes take place, with special attention paid to the evolution of carbon monoxide (CO) in the working medium in the process of gas welding. Plots were constructed and polynomial dependences were obtained to show a change in the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air of the working area during gas welding. It was confirmed experimentally that the concentration of carbon monoxide exceeds the permissible sanitary and hygienic indicators MPC (20 mg/m3) during gas welding. As a result of the experiment, the effectiveness of the use of an additional device was proven, namely an umbrella gas concentrator, in order to capture welding gases that are formed during gas welding. It was established that the MPC is exceeded under certain working conditions and welding wire. The carbon monoxide formation during gas welding was analyzed; these processes were compared with electric arc welding. The mathematical dependences derived make it possible to assess the risks of the welders’ work and conclude that the electric arc welding is characterized by a much higher rate of CO evolution from the beginning of the welding process (8.5 mg/s), that speed then decreases over 20 s by 2 times (to 4.5 mg/s). In 90 s, the speed becomes constant, to 2 mg/s. In comparison, gas welding has almost the same rate of CO formation, namely 0.3–0.9 mg/s. By changing the types of welding wires used in gas welding and taking into consideration the type of material that needs to be welded (including the period of its use), it is possible to influence the volume of CO emissions entering the working area and an employee’s respiratory area