Macaques have been protected against infection with human cell-grown SIVmac by immunization with antigens encoded by the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Here, we investigated the efficacy of alloimmunization with simian B cells expressing high levels of MHC class I and class II molecules to confer protection against systemic challenge with simian-grown SIVmac. Eight rhesus macaques were vaccinated with glutaraldehyde-fixed and beta-propiolactone-inactivated herpesvirus papio-transformed B cells. Four of the macaques received 5 doses, the others 10. Animals were challenged with rhesus macaque spleen-derived cell-free SIVmac. Allogeneic B cells elicited antibody responses to rhesus MHC class I and II but failed to protect animals against infection. Anti-MHC class I antibodies were restricted in specificity and failed to recognize MHC class I from some B lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCLs) including a B-LCL from the animal in whose cells the challenge virus was grown. Vaccinated animals responded to self-MHC class I antigens but not to self-MHC class II antigens from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Animals that underwent the shorter immunization regimen had transiently enhanced PBMC-associated virus loads after challenge, whereas the average virus-infected cell load was reduced in animals that underwent the more extensive immunization. These results suggest that antibody responses to allogeneic MHC molecules do not protect against infection with immunodeficiency lentiviruses.
⎯This paper reveals the role of food security in the system of agrarian relations. The level of food security of the Republic of Buryatia in 2013-2014 has been estimated. The indicators that reflect the level of food security in the region have been comparatively analyzed. It has been shown that the state of food security of Buryatia corresponds to the permissible level.
The paper addressed the problems related to the state financial support for the agro-industrial complex to ensure the effectiveness of the industry. An example of foreign experience in supporting the agricultural industry is presented. The effectiveness of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Rural Territories is analyzed on the example of one of the Russian regions; the role of the agro-industrial complex in the region is indicated. It has been defined that since the State Program introduction, for some indicators, the planned level has not been achieved, which to some extent indicates the lack of effectiveness of the industry as a whole. The identified problems of the process of implementing the state support program for the agro-industrial complex make it possible to outline the main directions of development of its mechanism.
The agricultural sector is specific in that for a stable and effective implementation of the reproduction process, a high supply of the manufacturer with agricultural machines, aggregates and processing equipment is required, which makes it possible to carry out appropriate agrotechnical and technological measures in a quality manner and on time. In ensuring the food security of the state, the driving force is the material and technical potential of the subjects of the agro-industrial complex of the regions. The authors considered the parameters of the state and use of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises in the Far Eastern regions of Russia, analysed the structure of investments in fixed assets, assessed the level of use of the material and technical base of the agricultural sector of the regions, outlined the main directions of development of the material and technical base as a factor in food supply.
Ключевые слова: регион, экономическая безопасность, социально-экономическая политика, государственное управление Аннотация Предмет и тема. На современном этапе развития возрастает необходимость обеспечения экономической безопасности и стабильности развития территории. Рассматриваются вопросы анализа и диагностики экономической безопасности региона и их роль в системе управления. Цели. Рассмотреть методологические аспекты диагностики и анализа экономической безопасности в современных условиях. Методология. С использованием традиционных способов экономического анализа, а также метода экспертных оценок определены критерии и индикаторы диагностики экономической безопасности региона, проанализирована динамика показателей, с применением графического метода представлены аналитические данные. Результаты. Рассмотрено понятие экономической безопасности региона, уточнены внутренние и внешние факторы рисков. Предложена авторская версия анализа и диагностики экономической безопасности региона: выбраны критерии и индикаторы качественной и количественной диагностики, изложен порядок их расчета и уточнены их пороговые значения. Впервые в динамике проведена диагностика индикаторов экономической безопасности Республики Бурятии. Даны рекомендации по повышению уровня экономической безопасности. Применение. Сравнительный ретроспективный анализ индикаторов экономической безопасности региона может быть использован в качестве информационной базы для разработки управленческих решений по прогнозированию и планированию социально-экономического развития территории, подготовке мероприятий, направленных на нивелирование рисков в будущем, повышение конкурентоспособности региональной экономики. Также результаты полезны для дальнейших исследований по данной теме. Выводы. Для повышения эффективности проводимой в регионе социальноэкономической политики целесообразно активнее использовать аналитическую функцию, поскольку экономический анализ играет определяющую роль в системе управления, создает информационную базу при разработке мер по обеспечению достаточной экономической безопасности, в значительной степени формирует необходимые организационно-экономические условия для стабильной деятельности и конкурентоспособности государственных и рыночных структур.
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