Around the world, tourism is one of the most dynamically developing spheres in international trade in services, and the Russian Federation is no exception. But in Russia tourism industry potential is still used very poor. To a large extent, the realization of the development potential of regional tourism complexes will be promoted by the use of the cluster approach. Foreign experience shows the high efficiency of introducing a cluster approach in the tourism industry. However, in the Russian economy, there is a problem of identifying industries with the greatest potential for clustering. This problem is especially acute with the aim of developing the necessary measures for state support of clustering industries. In this article, using the example of the Far Eastern Federal District, a method is proposed that makes it possible to identify tourism clusters. In contrast to the existing ones, the method developed by the authors is characterized by an expanded set of analyzed indicators (number of employees, the volume of investments in fixed assets, the share of sectoral gross value added, labor productivity), and a system for evaluating the criteria characterizing the processes of clustering in time (the number of time periods in which : the localization coefficient and the regional factor takes admissible values and has a positive dynamics of development). As a result of identification, the authors identified regions of the Russian Far East that have the greatest potential for the formation of specialized territorial clusters in tourism industry.

Для цитирования: Левкина Е.В., Титова Н.Ю. Оценка эффективности государственных программ развития малого и среднего предпринимательства (на примере Приморского края) // Территория новых возможностей. Вестник Владивостокского государственного университета экономики и сервиса. 2019. Т. 11, № 2. С. 24-35. For citation: Levkina E.V., Titova N.Yu. Evaluation of the effectiveness of state programs for the development of small and medium-sized businesses (on the example of Primorsky Region),

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The ideology of economic growth focused on overproduction and overconsumption demonstrates its backwardness and inconsistency in today's world, where there is an acute shortage of raw materials and energy resources and an increase in human waste, which generally aggravates the environmental situation. To solve this problem, the concept of a circular economy or, as it is also called, a closed cycle economy can be a very effective tool. It includes recycling and reuse of production wastes, replacement of materials, introduction of more durable components of materials, use of renewable resources. However, one of the most important scientific problems is the insufficient study of the theoretical and methodological foundations that form the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the concept under study. This article describes approaches to the study of closed cycle economics, as well as the concept of circular economics in the works of domestic and foreign authors. This article describes the approaches to the study of the circular economy, as well as the concept of circular economy in the works of domestic and foreign authors. As a result of the synthesis of scientists' concepts on the definitions formulated for the designated terms, the authors determine that the circular economy in the scientific community is currently understood as a way to solve environmental problems; a new trend as the basis for the industrial revolution; strategy; sustainable development initiative; circular economy; type of economic activity; strategy; philosophy; economic model. The authors reasonably conclude that the most complete definitions of circular economy are those in which it is understood as a closed economic system for the exchange of resources.

In Russian Federation the questions of transformation of the current linear model of economy into the low-carbon model having the least negative impact on the environment are very urgent. Among the ways to realize the required transition scientists recognize the introduction of the concept of circular economy, as well as the organization of a system of interaction between industrial enterprises on the basis of the principles of industrial symbiosis. The scope of application of the industrial symbiosis model in the circular economy remains insufficiently studied in the scientific environment, which actualizes its solution. There has been defined the hierarchy of conceptual and categorical apparatus of industrial symbiosis in the circular economy. Integration of the companies on the basis of using the model of industrial symbiosis takes place due to the combination of environmental and economic interests of its participants by forming the industrial value chain. Symbiotic links involve the rational use of resources, which leads to the less intensive production processes and, consequently, to the reduced carbon emissions. Obtaining a synergistic effect is an incentive that encourages industrial structures to form symbiotic links. There has been stated the growth of transaction costs, which can be designated as a negative effect of the industrial symbiosis model. The directions for reducing this influence are proposed: improving the pricing model for industrial waste, taking into account territorial proximity and the need for industry associations and unions to participate in finding partners. The concept of industrial symbiosis is considered and clarified, which includes the principles, purpose and effects to characterize this term. The conclusion about the role of industrial symbiosis in the circular economy has been made.