A rare case of a heterotopic pregnancy after single embryo and blastocyst transfer is presented. A couple suffered from idiopathic infertility and underwent assisted reproduction techniques in a university hospital. Intercourse on the day of HCG administration was the probable cause for an in vivo fertilization of an oocyte that was not collected during the oocyte retrieval. The patient accessed a regional hospital with a massive haemoperitoneum in the 11th week of pregnancy with the confusing information that only one embryo had been transferred during the assisted reproduction treatment. After tubal pregnancy removal, the in-utero pregnancy proceeded normally but, at the time of the second trimester scan, a caudal regression syndrome was diagnosed and the patient decided to terminate the pregnancy.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae is the leading cause of preventable invasive neonatal infections. Detection of maternal colonisation and use of antimicrobial prophylaxis during labour is a standard preventative approach. Very few data about the prevalence of colonisation with S. agalactiae among pregnant women in Slovenia are available.Methods: We performed a retrospective study of consecutive samples from pregnant women screened for S. agalactiae colonisation with enrichment culture during the period 2013-2014. Basic demographic data, specimen type, timing and result of the assay were analysed. Cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility for the positive samples was calculated.  Results: During 2 years study period 1564 pregnant women were tested. Mean age 31 years (18-46 years). Among samples received, majority were vaginal swabs 57,0 % (n=893). Recommended combined vaginal-rectal swabs were received in 12,9 % (n=192). Overall prevalence of maternal colonisation was 17,1 % (n=268) and did not differ with regard to specimen type. Resistance or reduced susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin was 23,1 % (n=62) and 20,9 % (n=56), respectively. No resistance to penicillin and vancomycin was detected.Conclusions: Few pregnant women get screened for S. agalactiae in Slovenia. Nevertheless, high colonisation rate was detected on a large sample size. Most samples were taken during the proposed period between 35-37 week of pregnancy. Recommended combined vaginal-rectal were less frequently taken for screening than vaginal swabs only. Penicillin and vancomycin remains universally active against S. agalactiae. However, erythromycin and clindamycin resistance was high.

, Nataša Tul Mandić in Vislava Globevnik Velikonja Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ginekološka klinika, Klinični oddelek za perinatologijo Povzetek: Vez med materjo in otrokom se začne vzpostavljati že pred rojstvom, se z napredovanjem nosečnosti krepi in je povezana s kvaliteto odnosa med materjo in otrokom po porodu. Kljub temu, da številni avtorji za opisovanje vedenj, čustev in zaznav, ki jih bodoča mati izraža do nerojenega otroka, uporabljajo izraz navezanost med materjo in plodom ali prenatalna navezanost, uporaba tega pojma ni ustrezna. Če upoštevamo Bowlbyevo in Ainsworthovo teorijo navezanosti, potem lahko odnos med materjo in nerojenim otrokom opišemo z vedenjskim sistemom skrbi. Namen prispevka je predstaviti dileme glede ustrezne terminologije, različne definicije, ocenjevalne lestvice ter dejavnike, ki so povezani z razvojem vezi med nosečnico in plodom. Ker je kvaliteta tega odnosa napovedni dejavnik številnih izidov za mati in otroka po porodu, morajo biti cilji prihodnjih raziskav usmerjeni v natančnejšo konceptualizacijo in definicijo pojma, v razvoj ustreznih merskih instrumentov ter v raziskovanje napovednih dejavnikov in dejavnikov tveganja. Abstract: The bond between a mother and a child starts to develop before birth, increases with the gestational age of the child and is related to the quality of postpartum mother-infant interaction. Even though the expression maternal-fetal or prenatal attachment is commonly used to describe the parent's emotions, behaviors and perceptions that are related to the fetus, its use seems to be unsuitable. Considering Bowlby's and Ainsworth's theory of attachment, the relationship between mother and her unborn child is guided by the caregiving system. The purpose of this article is to lay out the dilemmas about the terminology, to present different definitions, measurements and variables, related to the relationship between the mother and her fetus. This relationship is a predictor of various maternal and child outcomes postnatally, which is why the goals of future investigation should be directed towards greater clarity in conceptualization, definition and measurement of the concept, and in exploration of the risks and mediating factors.

Antibiotike v času poroda uporabljamo za preprečevanje in zdravljenje okužb pri materi ter za preprečevanje okužb pri novorojenčkih. Kratkotrajna terapija med porodom se uporablja za preprečevanje okužb s streptokokom skupine B (SSB) pri novorojenčkih, poporodnega endometritisa in za zdravljenje horioamnionitisa. Številne raziskave so dokazale, da z uporabo profilaktičnih odmerkov antibiotikov lahko podaljšamo nosečnost (in nato izboljšamo rezultate obolevnosti in umrljivosti novorojenčkov) po predčasnem prezgodnjem razpoku plodovih jajčnih ovojev (PPROM).   Pri nosečnicah z aktivnim prezgodnjim porodom priporočamo: penicilin G 3g (ali 5mE) intravensko nato 1,5 g (ali 2,5 mE) intravensko v 4-urnih intervalih do poroda.  Pri nosečnicah, ki so alergične na penicillin, priporočamo: Pri ženski, ki je imela blago obliko alergije s kožnim izpuščajem, svetujemouporabo cefalosporina. V primeru zabeležene hujše oblike alergije na penicillin, svetujemo uporabo vankomicina. Terapija s klindamicinom, zaradi visoke rezistence SSB na klindamicin, ni več priporočljiva.                                                                                                                 V primeru dolgotrajnega PPROM je potrebno v primeru aktivnega poroda predpisati široko spektalni intravenski antibiotiki, ki preprečuje tudi SSB okužbo novorojenca (priporočamo Cefazolin 2g i. v in nato 1g v 8-urnih intervalih do poroda).                                                                                                                                           V primeru PPROM priporočamo čim prej po PPROM pričeti s terapijo s: ampicilinom (2 g i.v. vsake 6 ur) za 48 ur hkrati z azitromicinom (1g p.o. v enkratnem odmirku), nadaljujemo s amoksicilinom (500 mg p.o. vsakih 8 ur) za 5 dni ali do poroda novorojenca.

Posters 647 protect children"s population from side effects of numerous drugs. Aim:To evaluate the use of medical preparation Asthmanol for BA and other respiratory obstructive diseases. Methods:Medical preparation offered by us, Asthmanol, is composed from ecologically pure ingredients. Preparation Asthmanol has passed key stages of pharmaco-epidemiology. We collected data on sex, age, respiratory function and on asthma control questionnaire (ACQ). Results:Of 255 children aged 5-16 years with BA were randomized 1:1 to receive Asthmanol or placebo. Symptomatic medications were provided as rescue medications to both groups. The values of respiratory function before beginning the treatment with Asthmanol were: FEV1 87,5±20,4 and FEF25-75 39,9±32,6. After treatment they were 88,7±13,8 and 58,7±19,5 respectively. We found a improvement in the asthma control questionnaire, with pre-and post values of 22±7,4 and 5,9±7 respectively. Statistically significant improvements were found for the BA group relative to placebo (p=0,047). Conclusion:The results of our study, according to GINA and PRACTALL EAACI/AAAAI guidelines , show that therapy with medication consisting of natural components is an effectiveness in asthmatic children. There was important improvement in the quality of life and in the control of asthma with Asthmanol. LUNG TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN-