Bisphosphonates (BPs) are characterized by a P-C-P backbone structure and two phosphonic acid groups bonded to the same carbon, and are established as osteoclast-mediated bone resorption inhibitors. The nature of the groups attached to the central carbon atom are responsible in determining the potency of bisphosphonates as anti-resorption drugs. However, it is not yet clear the exact relationship between their molecular structure and pharmacologic activities. In this study, molecular geometries of pamidronate, alendronate and neridronate, differing only in the length of the aliphatic chains, were predicted by molecular mechanics and their interactions with hydroxyapatite, the main bone mineral component, were examined. We report the synthesis and radiochemical characterization of 153Sm complexes with pamidronate, alendronate and neridronate. Hydroxyapatite binding and biodistribution studies of these complexes have shown a good correlation with the theoretical molecular modeling interaction studies. So, it is possible to conclude that computational chemistry techniques are a good approach to evaluate specific interactions and may play a relevant role in determining the relative ability of BPs to mineral bone, and open new perspectives to the design of new BPs with increased pharmacological activity. These techniques could be extended to BPs as ligands to carrier radioactive metals, aiming for new bone therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.

A feeding experiment was conducted over 9 weeks with seven groups of 30 (fish per group) unpigmented gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata (L. 1875) (initial mean weight = 145.2 ± 12.3 g). Three experimental diets were prepared by adding to a basal diet free of carotenoid (final pigment content of around 40 mg per kg feed): (i) a biomass of the carotenogenic Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta, Volvocales); (ii) a synthetic astaxanthin; and (iii) a mixture (1:1) of microalgal biomass and synthetic astaxanthin. At 3‐week intervals, five fish were sampled from each tank for total carotenoids analysis in skin and muscle. The carotenoid pigments (total amount = 0.4%) identified in the carotenogenic alga were lutein (0.3%), β‐carotene (1.2%), canthaxanthin (36.2%), astaxanthin, free and esterified forms (55.0%), and other pigments (7.3%). Carotenoid pigments were significantly deposited in the four skin zones studied during the feeding trial: the forefront between the eyes, the opercule, along the dorsal fin and in the abdominal area. In the muscle, regardless of the astaxanthin source, the amount of carotenoids measured was very low (less than 1 mg kg−1) and differences not significant. Moreover, no muscle pigmentation was evident, and there was no variation in the amount of carotenoid analysed in skin tissue, through the trial, for each treatment. It was concluded that supplementing the feed with C. vulgaris would be an acceptable practice in aquaculture to improve the market appeal of the gilthead seabream.

the planning and implementation of nursing interventions carried out by baccalaureate nurses are essential for preventing hypothermia and maintaining perioperative normothermia.

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RESUMO:Objetivo: Analisar as complicações relacionadas à hipotermia no período intraoperatório, na utilização da infusão intravenosa aquecida. Método: Estudo experimental, comparativo, de campo, prospectivo e quantitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital público federal. A amostra foi constituída por 60 adultos, sendo um dos critérios de inclusão a temperatura axilar estar entre 36°C e 37,1°C; esses indivíduos foram divididos em grupos controle e experimental, compostos utilizando-se a técnica de amostragem probabilística sistemática. Resultados: As complicações apresentadas foram: taquicardia, hipertensão arterial e sangramento. A hipertensão arterial e o sangramento apresentaram significância estatística entre os grupos, com p=0,0150 e p=0,0050, respectivamente. A taquicardia não apresentou significância estatística entre os grupos (p=1,0000). Conclusão: A utilização da infusão venosa aquecida isolada não previne as complicações relacionadas à hipotermia intraoperatória. Compete ao Enfermeiro o planejamento das intervenções de Enfermagem para prevenção da hipotermia e manutenção da normotermia. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Hipotermia. Enfermagem perioperatória. Complicações intraoperatórias. TRIAL: (REQ:1453). ABSTRACT: Objective:The present study aims to analyze the complications related to hypothermia in the intraoperative period using warmed venous infusion. Method: An experimental, comparative, prospective, field study using a quantitative approach was carried out in a public hospital. The sample consisted of 60 adults divided into one control and one experimental group. The groups were formed using the systematic probabilistic sampling technique. Inclusion criteria comprised axillary temperature between 36 and 37.1 °C. Results: The following complications were observed: tachycardia, arterial hypertension, and bleeding. Arterial hypertension and bleeding presented statistical significance between the groups, p=0.0150 and p=0.0050, respectively. No statistical significance was found between the groups (p=1.0000) for tachycardia. Conclusion: The use of isolated warmed venous infusion does not prevent complications related to intraoperative hypothermia. It is the nursing staff's duty to plan the nursing interventions required to avoid hypothermia and maintain normothermia. KEYWORDS:Hypothermia. Perioperative nursing. Intraoperative complications. TRIAL: (REQ:1453).RESUMEN: Objetivo: Analizar las complicaciones relacionadas con la hipotermia en el período intraoperatorio cuando se utiliza infusión intravenosa calentada. Método: Estudio experimental, comparativo, de campo, prospectivo y cuantitativo, desarrollado en un hospital público federal. Se eligió una muestra de 60 adultos, siendo uno de los criterios de inclusión la temperatura axilar entre 36° y 37,1°C, divididos en grupos control y experimental a través de la técnica de muestreo probabilístico sistemático. Resultados: Las complicaciones verificadas fueron: taquicardia, hipertensión arterial y sangrado. La hipertensión arterial y el sangrado presentaron significancia e...