Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy is a surgical procedure indicated for patients with changes in bone growth, deformities in the face and changes in the bite. Due to the great acceptance of the down fracture, it has been increasingly used for such purposes. A better access allowed by this technique, where it is possible to move the segment in several directions, anterior, posterior and inferior, promotes significant changes from soft tissues to bone and neurovascular structures. The objective of this work is to present the recovery of sensitivity in patients who underwent Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy. It is a literature review, with articles in English, with the descriptors: Maxillary Nerve; Paresthesia; Orthognathic Surgery, searched in the database: PubMed. 22 articles were found, after analyzing only 14 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Lesions of the sensory nerve by the oral cavity have been reported after orthognathic surgery. It was observed that the sensitivities of the oral mucosa below the vestibular incision was decreased during the first 2 months, but gradually returned and was restored after 6 months. The sensitivity of the upper teeth respond negatively to the pulp electrical test in 2 months postoperatively, but after 6 months 90% of the teeth show a positive response. It is known that complications and changes in sensation are inevitable after orthognathics, however, over time, this condition resolves spontaneously, although the results may change due to the physiological and anatomical variations of each patient.

ResumoO canal mandibular é uma estrutura localizada no corpo da mandíbula, que se estende desde o forame mandibular ate o forame mentual, e contem em seu interior o nervo, artéria e veia alveolar inferior. Ramificação do nervo alveolar inferior é responsável por inervar tecidos moles, papila, dentes, periodonto e osso da mandíbula. O objetivo desse trabalho foi apresentar um caso clinico de variação anatômica do canal mandibular com exteriorização para face externa do corpo da mandíbula, confrontando com dados presentes na literatura. A correta identificação e localização das variações anatômicas do canal mandibular por meio de tomografia computadorizada, em caso de cirurgias envolvendo a região, previne complicações trans e pós-operatórias ou ainda insucessos na colocação de implantes. Sabe-se também que a região de linha obliqua é uma importante área doadora de enxertos ósseos intraorais. Assim, deve-se levar em consideração a proximidade com o feixe vasculonervoso alveolar inferior em caso de variação anatômica do canal mandibular. Embora essa variação esteja presente em apenas uma pequena parcela da população, é fundamental conhece-la, visto sua importância nas intervenções clinicas e cirúrgicas por influenciar diretamente no sucesso ou fracasso das mesmas. Descritores: Nervo Mandibular; Mandíbula; Variação Anatômica. AbstractThe mandibular canal is a structure located in the body of the mandible, that extends from the mandibular foramen to the mental foramen; And contains within it the nerve, artery and inferior alveolar vein. Ramification of the inferior alveolar nerve is responsible for innervating soft tissues, papilla, teeth, periodontium and jaw bone. The objective of this work is to perform a brief review of the literature and present a clinical case of anatomical variation of the mandibular canal, in which it externalizes on the external face of the mandible body. The examination revealed an anatomical variation of the mandibular canal, in which it externalized on the external face of the mandible body. The importance of correct identification and localization of the anatomical variations of the mandibular canal through a CT scan, in case of surgeries involving the region, prevent trans and postoperative complications or even failure to implant implants. It is also known that the oblique line region is an important area of intraoral bone grafting. Therefore, consideration should be given to the proximity to the inferior alveolar nerve tract-nerve in case of anatomical variation of the mandibular canal. Although this variation is present in only a small part of the population, it is fundamental to have knowledge of these, since its importance in clinical and surgical interventions directly influences their success or failure. Descriptors: Mandibular Nerve; Jaw; Anatomical Variation. ResumenEl canal mandibular es una estructura localizada en el cuerpo de la mandíbula, que se extiende desde el foramen mandibular hasta el foramen mental; Y contiene en su interior el nervio, la arteria y la vena alveolar ...