This article describes the MRI features of a middle ear cholesteatoma in an 8 yr old flat-coated retriever. Physical examination revealed pain on opening the jaw, and otoscopic examination showed tympanic membrane rupture associated with hyperplastic tissue at the entrance of the middle ear. Standard MRI sequences allowed for the identification of a severely expanded bulla containing material that was isointense to brain tissue on T1-weighted images and of mixed intensity on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences. No postcontrast enhancement of the content was present, but the lining of the bulla was partially enhanced. The images allowed evaluation of the surgical margins and the secondary changes due to the expansion of the mass. Surgery was performed and histopathology confirmed the presumptive diagnosis of cholesteatoma. In the present case, MRI appeared to serve as a good alternative to computed tomography for the diagnosis of cholesteatoma.

A 24-week-old dog was presented with recurrent rectal prolapse because of colonic duplication. Colonic duplication is an extremely uncommon congenital abnormality, with only six cases reported in veterinary medicine, one diagnosed at necropsy and five after barium enema, colonoscopy, abdominal ultrasound, exploratory laparotomy either alone or in combination. In this case, these techniques failed to identify the abnormality and diagnosis was ultimately achieved via negative contrast computed tomography. The evaluation generated by the computed tomography images allowed a refined surgical approach. To the authors' knowledge, negative contrast computed tomography has not yet been reported in the veterinary literature to diagnose gastrointestinal pathologies. Colonic duplication in this case was treated by removal of the intercolonic septum via colotomy.

Intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility were considered good for lens equatorial length measurement at 35 MHz in dogs with cataract. Ultrasound biomicroscopy could be an acceptable method to assess lens equatorial dimension before phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in dogs with cataract.

Plasma iohexol and creatinine clearances can be used interchangeably for screening patients suspected of having chronic kidney disease (ie, low GFR), but large differences may exist for dogs with a GFR within or above the reference range.

A four-year-old male intact Groenendael was presented for intermittent shifting lameness affecting all four limbs, lethargy, reduced appetite and weight loss of two to four weeks’ duration. Thoracic radiography revealed enlarged cranial mediastinal lymph nodes. Osteolytic lesions were identified on the spinous process of T13 and L1. Limb radiographs revealed multiple rounded, osteolytic lesions with sclerotic peripheral rim in the medullar cavity of radii, ulnas and tibias bilaterally. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the mediastinal lymph nodes and osteolytic lesions affecting the spinous processes and histopathology of a right tibial osteolytic lesion were consistent with fungal osteomyelitis. Fungal culture performed on a right tibial biopsy grew Candida glabrata susceptible to itraconazole. Marked clinical improvement was observed following six months of itraconazole therapy. Repeated radiography revealed resolution of the bony lesions and persistence of mild cranial mediastinal lymphadenomegaly.