In this study, the wear resistance, hardness, elastic modulus, and the correlations between them of artificial denture teeth at the sub-enamel layer were examined. Four types of tested artificial denture teeth consisted of 3 conventional acrylic resin teeth (Cosmo HXL, Major Dent, and Yamahachi FX), 1 high cross-linked acrylic resin teeth (Trubyte Bioform IPN), 2 composite resin teeth (SR Orthosit PE, and Yamahachi PX), and 1 porcelain teeth (ACE Teeth). The two-body wear test was performed using a custom made pin on disc apparatus. Volume and weight loss were measured. Hardness and elastic modulus were also assessed by using a nanoindentation system. The results suggested wear resistance varied among the denture tooth materials. Wear resistance of high cross-linked acrylic resin teeth was the lowest. A definite relation between wear resistance and mechanical properties of materials could not be found in this study.

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The morphological assessment of wear tracks refects the nature of the abrasive and reveals insight into the mechanism generating wear patterns. Morphological details confirmed abrasive and fatigue-related wear as main failure mechanisms. Selection of food-like slurries as third-body media, such as poppy seed suspension is mandatory to simulate wear of composite restorations in occlusal cavities where three-body wear is the dominating determinant of loss of substance and surface deterioration.