Ninety percent of malaria cases in Indonesia come from Papua, West Papua, and East Nusa Tenggara provinces. The country has declared a target of malaria elimination by 2030. Malaria elimination efforts have been performed through case finding, treatment, surveillance, and risk factor prevention and control. Personal protection is crucial in preventing and reducing the risk for malaria infection. This study aimed to assess the significance of personal protection against mosquitoes in eastern Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using the secondary data from a previous study of malaria in eastern Indonesia in 2013–2014. Data were collected using a questionnaires and direct observation and analyzed using the chi-square with α 0.05 and 95% CI. A total of 551 data were collected (180 positive vs 371 negative). The use of mosquito nets at night (p-value: 0.038; OR: 3.127) has a significant relationship with the incidence of malaria while the use of ventilation screen (p-value: 0.191; OR: 0.839), vector shelter (p-value: 0.493; OR: 0.852), and mosquito repellent (p-value: 0.564; OR: 1.585) did not have significant relationships to the incidence of malaria. Mass distribution of mosquito nets by the local governments can constitute one of the efforts to prevent and control malaria in South Central Timor District.

More than half of the areas in East Nusa Tenggara province, a province in the eastern part of Indonesia, are planned to be free from malaria by the end of 2030. However, one of the critical indicators for malaria elimination is still lacking, i.e. vectors’ environment and breeding place indicators. South Central Timor (SCT) District is one of the areas with the highest Annual Parasite Incidence (API) >2‰ with the majority of the population works as farmers. The purpose of this study was to capture the relationship between environmental factors and the prevalence of malaria. This study was a cross-sectional analytic retrospective study using data from a previous malaria study conducted in August 2013 to September 2014 in 5 sub-districts of SCT district. All respondents were selected using the systematic random sampling approach from the population of healthy people. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire and an observation environment form. Malaria was confirmed through microscopic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) examinations. Data were then analyzed using the bivariate and multivariate analysis with 95% CI and α:0.05. Of 357 data collected, 35% (125/357) were malaria positive based on PCR examination. Two variables (living nearby lagoon and nearby rice field) were significant (p-value<0.05) as vector shelters for Anopheles sp. Thus, these have to be included as inputs to formulate effective and efficient malaria elimination strategies and programs in 2030.

Introduction: This study was designed to see prevalence of anxiety and depression among migrant workers presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. Material and method: Consecutive subjects working in middle-east countries attending at gastroenterology outpatient department were included. Psychiatric assessment of them was done using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) by trained interviewer under supervision of a senior psychiatrist. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. Chi square test was done to see differences. Result: Total 426 patients, age from 18 years to 61 years (mean 36.96), 364 (85.44% from rural community, 353 (78.64%) married, and 390 (91.54%) working as laborer were included. Among them 66 (15.5%) and 45 (10.6%) had symptoms score consistent with anxiety and depression respectively. Anxiety was more prevalent among workers with lower level of education, higher age, shorter duration of migration and single marital status. Depression was more prevalent among married people, of lower educational and economic background and of older age. Abdominal pain, anorexia, loose motion, abdominal fullness, weight loss, constipation and incomplete bowel evacuation are common presenting symptoms. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are common among Bangladeshi migrant workers in middle-eastern countries. Level of education, marital status, economic background and older age affect mental health. Depression was associated with higher numbers of physical complaints. Migrant workers are playing a vital role in our economy. So, issues of their mental health and psychiatric morbidity which might adversely affect their overall activity and foreign remittance, should not be neglected.

Potential of zoonotic gastrointestinal nematode infection from livestock in Indonesia is still often overlooked. Farms with a risk for nematodes infection would create a risk of infecting the local community with zoonotic gastrointestinal nematodes. This study aimed to assess the risk of gastrointestinal nematodes from goats that have zoonotic potential in Cibeureum Wetan, Sumedang, and to identify the incidence of nematodes infection among goats. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in August to November 2019 with a total of 52 samples of feces collected directly from goat’s rectum to prevent soil contamination. Sampling was performed randomly from goats raised at the Agriculture and Self-Sustaining Village Training Center (Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Pedesaan Swadaya, P4S) Simpay Tampomas, Sumedang, Indonesia. The GPS point of the sampling location was recorded. Samples were then examined using the concentration sedimentation method at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Results showed that 22 of 52 samples were positive for gastrointestinal helminth eggs, contained of Bunostomum sp., Strongyloides sp., Haemmonchus sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Toxocara sp. and Trichuris sp. The nematode parasites found are parasites that often infect goats.

Patient safety is a fundamental concept in providing health services and it is critical that health care facilities consider it. Negligence in the application of patient safety will lead to patient safety incidents. The individual factors of medical staff have a significant influence on the implementation of patient safety. The attitude of medical staff can affect the culture of patient safety because being unprofessional will cause problems in providing quality care, encourage bad events and medical errors, and ultimately reduce patient satisfaction. Organizational support also has a role in the attitude and behavior of medical staff. There are already policies in the form of regulations from the Minister of Health, standard operating procedures, and training for medical staff. However, there are still many patient safety incidents that occurred. There is also medical staff who are not aware of the importance of reporting so that patient safety incidents are not recorded. The study was conducted in 12 Primary Health Care (PHC) in Kuningan Regency. The research method used is quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire. The research data was taken using proportional stratified random sampling to 200 medical staff in 12 PHC in Kuningan Regency. The questionnaire consists of 3 parts regarding professionalism, patient safety culture, and organizational support. The results showed that professionalism had a positive and significant impact on patient safety culture (p-value <0.001), and Organizational support is a quasi-moderating variable on the effect of professionalism on patient safety culture (p-value <0.001).