Background There is a scarcity of data comparing the consequences of first and second COVID‐19 waves on kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) in India. Methods We conducted a single‐centre retrospective study of 259 KTRs with COVID‐19 to compare first wave (March 15–December 31 2020, n = 157) and second wave (April 1–May 31 2021, n = 102). Results KTRs during second wave were younger (43 vs. 40 years; p ‐value .04) and also included paediatric patients (0 vs. 5.9%; p ‐value .003). Symptoms were milder during the second wave (45 vs. 62.7%; p ‐value .007); COVID‐19 positive patients had less frequent cough (32 vs. 13.8%; p ‐value .001), fever was less frequent (58 vs. 37%; p ‐value .001), and we observed fewer co‐morbidities (11 vs. 20.6%; p ‐value .04). The percentages of neutrophils (77 vs. 83%; p ‐value .001) and serum ferritin (439 vs. 688; p ‐value .0006) were higher during second wave, while lymphocyte counts were reduced (20 vs. 14%; p ‐value .0001). Hydroxychloroquine (11 vs. 0%; p ‐value .0001) and tocilizumab (7 vs. 0%; p ‐value .004) were more frequently prescribed during first wave, while utilization of dexamethasone (6 vs. 27%; p ‐value .0001) and remdesivir (47 vs. 65%; p ‐value .03) increased during the second wave. Mucormycosis (1.3 vs. 10%; p ‐value .01) and ICU admissions (20 vs. 37.2%; p ‐value .002) were more frequent during second wave. The 28‐day mortality rate (9.6 vs. 10%; p ‐value 1) was not different. Conclusions There has been a different clinical spectrum of COVID‐19 amongst KTR with similar mortality between the two waves at a large Indian transplant centre.

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Background: Our objective in this research was to study the clinical profile of patients having iron deficiency anaemia.Methods: This was an observational cross sectional study conducted in Medicine out-patient and in-patient departments of Baroda Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara from February, 2018 to November, 2018 and included all patients (N=50) above eighteen years of age who were diagnosed on admission with microcytic hypochromic or normocytic normochromic anaemia. Following detailed history, general examination and basic haematological investigations like complete blood count, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, etc., statistical analysis of the data was performed.Results: In the present study, it was found that maximum number of patients belonged to a younger age group (mean=36.82 years) with a majority being females (74%). Most common presenting complaint was weakness seen in 96% cases while the commonest clinical finding was pallor present in 100% cases followed by koilonychia in 32%. The most common cause of iron deficiency anaemia was nutritional seen in 60% patients.Conclusions: Generalised weakness, breathlessness, and pedal edema were the commonest presenting complaints in our study while pallor, koilonychia, and pedal edema were the most common clinical findings. Maximum number of patients had IDA due to a nutritional cause. Chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, inflammatory bowel disease, and menorrhagia are other causes of IDA. Amongst addicted, alcohol addiction seen in most cases.