Along with the subsequent development in the field of English Language Teaching, the idea of methods has been criticized for not being sensitive to the contextual factors and also for being imperialistic in nature. The linguistic and cultural dimensions of archetypal methods establish the culture and language of the native speakers as the only erudite variety by promoting monoculturalism and monolingualism. Furthermore, even in Bangladesh, it can be seen that CLT has been applied as a method to teach English as a foreign/second language since the mid-nineties, but it has not brought any significant changes. Therefore, to overcome the obstacles and limitations experienced by the application of the prototypical methods, the notion of postmethod pedagogy has been introduced which focuses on the significance of contextualized materials to bring authenticity in English language classrooms, which in turn ensures learners’ motivation and successful intake of the lesson. At the same time, it also emphasizes the importance of teacher and learner autonomy. Hence, this research paper explores the scopes of the implementation of postmethod pedagogy and its effectiveness at the tertiary level English language classrooms in Bangladesh.
To withstand the rising demand for energy while fuel and chemical energy are becoming rare, the development in the production of solar energy has become a necessity. There is a variety of solar cells; among them, thin-film photovoltaics is more popular because of low-cost production and good-efficiency. Nowadays, copper oxide has become popular to make thin film layers like CZTS, CIGS, etc. Unfortunately, the efficiency of these thin films is less than 20%. In order to obtain better efficacy, an investigation of the layers of thin films is needed. This research discussed the properties of copper and its oxides. In case of making the thin film layers, potentiostat electro-deposition was the chosen method where bath composition of CuSO4.5H2O solution, temperature, time, potential difference were the variable parameters. The best-deposited layers were obtained in 0.2 M concentration, 40 minutes, -0.5 V potential difference and 65oC. Hence, physical properties like thickness and hardness, and characterisation properties like X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectrometry are observed to compare cupric oxide (CuO) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin films. CuO thin film shows better stability and rigidity than the Cu2O thin film. But the thin film layer of cuprous oxide illustrates good homogeneity and nodular form. From the test mentioned above data, band gap has been measured for each deposited film, and the CuO thin film layer is raked out having a better band energy gap than the Cu2O thin film layer.
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