A numerical study is presented for three‐dimensional magnetic hybrid nanofluid (SWCNT + Ag–H2O) flow over a porous bidirectional stretchable surface due to the physical effects of a higher‐order chemical reaction, internal heat generation, and mixed convection. The systems of nonlinear ordinary diffrential equations of hybrid nanofluid that is, flow, energy, and mass transfer are developed and computations have been carried out, employing shooting method along with Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth‐ and fifth‐order technique. The characteristics of heat transfer, mass diffusion, and fluid flow are presented for the range of porosity parameter,  0.5 ≤ K ≤ 1.2; Hartmann number, 0.2 ≤ H a ≤ 1; internal heat generation, 0.1 ≤ H ≤ 1; thermal Grashof number, 0.1 ≤ G r T ≤ 0.4; mass Grashof number, 0.1 ≤ G r C ≤ 0.4; Schmidt number, 0.2 ≤ S c ≤ 1; chemical reaction parameter, 0.5 ≤ Y ≤ 3, and order of chemical reaction ( 1 ≤ q ≤ 4) for power index number n = 1 and 2 at a fixed value of nanoparticles' volume fraction and Prandtl number. The graphs and tables are depicted and explained for the response to various embedded parameters. The upshots of the current problem illustrate that with an increase in the magnetic field and chemical reaction, the mass transfer rate increases. Moreover, Nusselt number profiles are reduced with an increase in the coefficient of volumetric heat generation values for both power index number, that is,  n = 1 and 2.

The heat transfer assessments in a Sisko nanofluid flow over a stretching surface in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium with heat generation and thermal radiation are studied. The numerical analysis technique is used to assess the governing nonlinear equations of the model. The influence of Forchheimer number, porosity, heat generation, radiation, and material parameters is examined. The outlines of Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient corresponding to pertinent parameters are revealed. The comparison of Nusselt number outlines of working fluid and Newtonian fluid is depicted. From the analysis, it has been examined that with the increase in Forchheimer number and material parameter values, heat transfer function decreases, whereas heat transfer characteristics of Sisko nanofluid increase with heat generation and material parameters. Moreover, working fluid velocity outlines depreciate when there is an increase in porosity parameter for both shear-thinning and shearthickening. The comparison of this study with previous research has been conducted.

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The importance of non-Newtonian fluid (Casson fluid) in industry is increasingly appreciated. However, little is known about the flow rheology of Casson fluid flowing over a Riga plate. Thus, the purpose of this investigation is to examine the nature of entropy generation (EG) and heat transfer (HT) on Casson hybrid nanofluid flow past a Riga plate by considering the influences of magnetic field and thermal radiation. The Hamilton–Crosser (Model 1) and Xue model (Model 2) of thermal conductivity are incorporated for Casson hybrid nanofluid. The governing equations are solved by numerical methods i.e., bvp4c and shooting techniques. In the current framework, the comparative patterns for both models of temperature, velocities, EG and Bejan number are depicted due to the existing parameters. The domain of the pertinent parameters is taken as thermal radiation, [Formula: see text]; stretching parameter, [Formula: see text]; Casson factor, [Formula: see text]; rotation parameter, [Formula: see text]and Hartmann number, [Formula: see text]. The outcomes show that the rise in volume fraction and thermal conductivity profile of Xue model (Model 2) is better than Hamilton–Crosser model (Model 1). Moreover, EG profiles are escalated with augmentation in values of Hartmann number and stretching parameter for both models. The results of the study are useful for predicting the rheology of right fluid, while it also assists in safeguarding the boundary layer (BL) separation, along with establishing a parallel force to the surface in assisting the domain of science and technology.