Now a day, finding alternatives to chemical fertilizers without reduction of yield becomes urgent need for saving the environment. So, two field experiments were performed at Experimental Farm of Gemmiza, Agricultural Research Station, El-Ghrbiah Governorate, Egypt during the two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the influence of different fertilizers types, i.e., mineral fertilizers (100 % as a control), organic fertilizers (plant compost and farmyard manure), bio-fertilizer and different applications of some stimulants on improving the vegetative growth, fruit yield and essential oil constituents of Coriandrum sativum L plant. The findings showed that coriander plants treated with compost plant had the highest values of all studied parameters as compared to the plants treated with farmyard manure. Within the foliar nonmineral applications; the best values of all studied traits of coriander plants were obtained by using compost before planting and Humic acid plus seaweeds which improved plant growth, yield and essential oil yields. In addition, the highest values of the main component (linalool) were associated with the same previous treatment.

Two field trials were carried out at El-Gimiza Research Station Farm during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons to study the effect of spraying potassein-P (30% K2O and 10% P) and three seeding rates (24, 36 and 42 kg/fed) on growth, seed yield, fixed oil, carbohydrate and protein percentages of two varieties (Giza 2 and Giza 30) and two promising strains (16 and 29) of fenugreek plant.The results showed that fenugreek strain 29 was the latest in flowering and maturity. Strain 29 exceed Giza 2 var., Giza 30 var. and strain 16 in plant height, branches and pods number, 1000 seed weight and protein percentage. Whereas strain 29 and Giza 2 var. recorded the maximum seed and oil yield and carbohydrate percentage. Spraying of potassein-P significantly increased all characters under study than unspraying. Sowing fenugreek at low seed rate of 24 kg/fed significantly increased branches number, seed yield and its components, percentage and yield of oil and protein percentage.Data showed that the interaction of varieties X seeding rates had significant effects on all studied characters except plant height and oil percentage. All the interactions were significant concerning 1000 seed weight and protein percentage. GLC analysis of fatty acids showed that the total percentage of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than the value of saturated one in all varieties and strains fixed oil. Linoleic acid was major components of unsaturated fatty acid. Giza 30 variety and strain 29 recorded the highest value of linolenic unsaturated fatty acid.The best treatment for highest yield of seed and oil was that of sowing Giza 2 var. at low seed rate of 24 kg/fed and spraying with potassein-P while, maximum yield of seed and oil and protein percentage could be achieved by sowing promising strain 29 at 24 kg/fed seeding rate and spraying with potassein-P.

Two field trials were conducted during 1998 / 1999 and 1999 / 2000 at El-Gimiza Research Station Farm, to study the effect of sowing method (at one side of the ridge or both sides of the ridge), two planting distances (20 or 30 cm) and some micronutrients (mixture of Zn , Mn and Fe) as seed coating or foliar spray on the growth, fruit and oil yield and essential oil constituents of Carum carvi L. The data showed that the vegetative growth and fruit yield/plant significantly increased with sowing plants at one side of the ridge and wide space of 30 cm, each alone. Where the fruit and oil yield / fed, significantly increased by sowing plants at both sides of the ridge and narrow space of 20 cm, each alone. Essential oil percentage was not affected by sowing method or spacing. The micronutrients (Mixture of Zn, Mn and Fe) increased the growth, fruit and oil yield and essential oil percentage, but seed coating exerts more beneficial effects compared to folair method. The interaction between sowing methods and spacing significantly increased vegetative growth and fruit and oil yield / fed. Carvon was the major constituent of the essential oil forming more than 75%, carvon and limonene slightly decreased by micronutrients application. The best treatment for fruit (seed) and oil yield was that of coating seed with a mixture of Zn, Mn and Fe and spacing it at 20 cm in both sides of the ridge.

Two field experiments were carried out at Gemmiza Res. Station, Gharbia Governorate, Agric. Res. Center during the two successive seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to study the response of three flax genotypes namely Sakha 1 , Sakha 2 and S.2465/1 to six fertilizer treatments, i.e., 0 (control), calcium superphoshate (15.5% P2O5), Phosphorein (P-biofertilizer), Phosphorein + calcium superphoshate (15.5% P2O5), Coatingein (Zn + Fe + Mn chelates) + calcium superphoshate (15.5% P2O5) and Phosphorein + Coatingein + calcium superphoshate (15.5% P2O5). A Split plot design with four replications was used. The results of this investigation could be summarized as follow:The flax variety Sakha 1 exhibited highest fiber yield/fed, highest value of the major unsaturated fatty acid Linolenic, refractive index, specific gravity, and recorded least peroxide value of oil. While, it ranked the second after Sakha 2 in straw yield/fed, and the lowest estimates in all straw characters obtained by S.2465/1. In the same time, the flax strain 2465/1 ranked the first and surpassed Sakha 1 and Sakha 2 in seed yield/plant as well as per feddan, number of capsules/plant, oil yield/fed and oil percentage.Moreover, maximum straw and seed yields were obtained by using the mixture of fertilizer phosphorein + calcium superphoshate (15.5% P2O5)+ coatingein .Phenotypic correlation coefficients among straw yield / plant exhibited significant positive correlations with each of plant height, technical length, seed yield / plant and number of capsules / plant. Also, seed yield exhibited significant positive correlations with each of number of capsules, number of apical branches, plant height , technical length and stem diameter. These results, supports the evidence for the possibility of isolating genotypes characterized with high straw yielding ability and simultaneous high seed potentialities.In conclusion, Sakha 1 was the first one preferred for food and medicinal purposes followed by S. 2465/1. So, it could be recommended to plant of Sakha 1 genotype to produce high fiber yield with the high oil quality and S. 2465/1 to produce high yield of seed and oil with the addition of phosphorein + calcium superphoshate (15.5% P2O5) + coatingein. INTROUDCTIONFlax (Linum usitatissimum L.) (Fam. Linaceae) is considered as an economical crop among about 150 ones, where it had been cultivated in the world as well as in Egypt since several thousand years ago. Many important industries depending on its two products, i.e., fiber and seeds. Fixed oil extracted from unheated seeds used for food purposes. Medicinally, crushed linseed is used in the form of a poultice and whole seeds are employed to demulcent preparations. The oil is used in liniments, and recent research

This investigation was conducted during two successive seasons of 2004 and 2005 at the experimental farm of El-Quassassin Hort. Res. Station, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of irrigation rates (1610, 3220 or 4876 m 3 /fed.) and fertilization treatments (NPK and organic fertilizers) on vegetative growth, volatile oil yield and chemical composition of Majorana hortensis L. plant in sandy soil. Application of the high rate of water irrigation (4876 m 3 /fed./season) gave the highest values of vegetative characteristic i.e., plant height, fresh and dry weight of herb/plant, dry weight of leaves and stems/plant, the yield of fresh and dry weight of herb per plant and per feddan and chemical composition i.e., volatile oil percentage and N, P or K content as compared with 1610 or 3220 m 3 /fed./season water amount irrigation in the three cuttings during the two seasons. Application NPK fertilization treatment (300 , 300 , 100 kg/fed. as ammonium sulphate, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulphate, respectively) surpassed significantly in vegetative characteristics, oil percentage and chemical content when compared with organic fertilization (compost, poultry and cattle manure). On the other side, poultry manure (10 m 3 /fed) gave significant increase in the most characteristics under this study when compared to the compost or cattle manure (15 and 20 m 3 /fed. respectively) fertilization treatments. Irrigation sweet marjoram plants with drip irrigation system at water amount of 4876 m 3 /fed./season gave 14.305 and 4.688 ton per feddan fresh and dry weight of herb, respectively and 2.63 % (dry weight) volatile oil percentage. The maximum contents of Terpinene-4-Ol and Linalool were obtained from the high level of irrigation (4876 m 3 /fed/season) combined with cattle manure fertilization treatment. While the high contents of 1,8 Cineole and Limonene were resulted from the high level of irrigation combined with poultry manure fertilization treatment.