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Background and Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the gross anatomy aspects of the fossa ovalis (FO) and the presence of some anatomical variation resulting from the incomplete fusion of septum primum and septum secundum, such as an atrial septal pouch (SP) and left atrial septal ridge. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one adult human hearts removed from formalin-fixed specimens were examined to provide information about the morphology of the FO. The organs were free of any gross anatomically visible pathological conditions. Results: The most common variants were the FO located in the inferior part of the interatrial septum (64.51%), circular (61.3%), with a net-like structure (51.62%), prominent limbus (93.55%), and patent foramen ovale (PFO) (25.8%). The right SP was observed in 9.67% of specimens, the left SP was observed in 29.03% of cases, and in 51.61% of cases, a double SP was observed. One sample presented a right SP and a double left SP, and one case showed a triple left SP, which was not reported previously to our knowledge. Conclusions: Knowledge of the interatrial septal anatomy becomes important for interventional cardiologists and should be documented before transeptal puncture.

An uncommon anatomical variant of muscle that can be considered as a supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle was found during the dissection of the forearm region. The identified extensor carpi radialis muscle has origin on the lateral supraepicondylar ridge of the humerus, and an unusual insertion on the tubercle of the scaphoid bone. The presence of this supernumerary muscle may cause diagnostic errors in the forearm region, and can produce a debilitating pain syndrome by secondary compression of adjacent nerves, vessels or tendons due to its course along the anterior compartment of the forearm. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78; 4: 888-892)

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An unusual muscle was discovered during the dissection of the presternal and pectoral regions, which, according to Jelev classification, can be considered a sternalis muscle. The identified right sternalis muscle has a common origin with the sternal head of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle and then splits in two bellies, the right one, much longer, which inserts on the right 2nd–5th costal cartilages, and the left one which inserts on the 2nd–3th left sternocostal joints. The sternalis muscle was associated with a very poor developed right transversus thoracis muscle. The study is important for the anatomists and more important for the clinicians, as this muscle's presence may cause diagnostic errors in the pectoral region.