The present study has been designed to estimate serum total protein and albumin levels in different grades of protein energy malnutrition and this will be helpful in early diagnosis, management and rehabilitation of PEM. The serum total protein and albumin levels were studied on 20 healthy children and 30 children suffering from protein energy malnutrition of different grades.Serum total protein and albumin levels of different grades of protein energy malnutrition were significantly lowered than that of control. Lowering being maximum in grade III PEM. This lowering of total protein and albumin occur in any form of PEM and related to severity of the disease.

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Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an escalating public health problem throughout the developed and developing world. Haemodialysis influences the transport of water through the erythrocyte membrane and induces morphologic and functional modifications. Objective: This study is aimed at to show the effects of haemodialysis on red cell indices and haematocrit in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients receiving Maintenance Haemodialysis (MHD) during haemodialysis (HD) process in their post-dialysis blood samples. Methods: It is a Hospital based, crosssectional comparative study. The study population consisted of 40 patients of diagnosed case of chronic kidney disease patients on haemodialysis in the Department of Nephrology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong. The haematological changes before and after the ending of haemodialysis procedure were studied by complete blood count study by automated analyzer. Data were analyzed by statistical methods (Paired sample t-test). Results: In our study the predialysis and post-dialysis sample showed the mean(±SD) MCV(fl) was 96.20(±11.57)fl and 92.80(±10.75)fl respectively. This shows highly significant difference between mean of pre-dialysis and post-dialysis MCV(fl) level (p=0.001). In pre-dialysis and post-dialysis sample the mean(±SD) MCH(pg) was 29.10(±3.62)pg and 28.79(±3.77)pg respectively. This shows no significant difference between mean of pre-dialysis and post-dialysis MCH(pg) level (p=0.236). In pre-dialysis and post-dialysis sample the mean(±SD) MCHC(g/dL) was 29.25(±3.69)g/dL and 30.25(±3.57) gm/dL respectively. This shows highly significant difference between mean of pre-dialysis and post-dialysis MCHC(g/dL) level (p=0.003). In pre-dialysis and post-dialysis sample the mean(±SD) Haematocrit/PCV(%) was 26.46(±7.34)% and 27.39(±8.07)% respectively. This shows no significant difference between mean of pre-dialysis and post-dialysis Haematocrit/PCV(%) level (P=0.157). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that significant morphological changes, specially, regarding MCV occurs in patients receiving MHD during HD process in their post-dialysis blood samples along with consequent changes in MCHC. And all these findings are consistent with each other.

Nutrition is a Basic human need .It is essential for physiological homeostasis & growth. But unfortunately it remains unmet for vast number of children. These children fail to achieve their full developmental potential. Growth assessment is the best indicator to see the health & nutritional status of children. Growth retardation is a constant feature of undernutrition. An observational study was conducted to see the nutritional status on 100 under 5 children of low privileged society following inclusion & exclusion criteria. Their height, weight, skin fold thickness were measured. Their weight for age (measures of underweight), height for age (measures of stunting) & weight for height (Measures of wasting) were assessed. Z scores of weight for age (underweight), height for age (stunting) & Weight for height (wasting) were also assessed. Among them 32 subjects were moderately & 36 were severely undernourished according to reference of WHO. 32 subjects were within the normal range of growth curve according to WHO/NCHS standard. Severely undernourished children were of younger age group and their heights (in cm) were significantly low comparing to normal children, though there was no significant difference in their weight. Except weight for height (wasting) in moderately undernourished children all measurements were significantly lower (p value<0.001) both in moderate & severe undernourished group in comparison to normal children. Serum total protein, albumin & globulin level of all the children were within normal range. This study concludes that about 2/3 of under 5 children suffer from moderate to severe undernutrition in low privileged people in our society. They are underweight & suffer from wasting & stunting from the early childhood. JCMCTA 2013; 24 (1):50-52

The incidence of Unstable Angina is increasing. More than 80% of CAD is attributed to different modifiable cardiac risk factors. Evidence of effect of sex on different cardiac risk factor and as well as effect of age in different sex for CAD is still limited and needs evaluation. An observational case series study conducted on 50 consecutive cases following appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria in the Department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College in collaboration with CCU of Chittagong Medical College Hospital from September 2006 to July 2008. The cases of unstable angina were diagnosed on the basis of clinical criteria and ECG findings. Serum Troponin I level were estimated to exclude Non-STE MI. There were statistically significant difference of cardiac risk factors (smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus) with sex variation (p value<0.05) Smoking habits were less in female, hypertension and diabetes detected more in female. This study concludes that significant difference of cardiac risk factors and age difference in both sexes may explain the outcome of UA in female. JCMCTA 2012; 23(1): 42-45