Actinobacteria are one of the best natural libraries for discovering drugs. Various commercial drugs have been developed against infectious and metabolic disorders from actinobacteria; however, there is no report on their simultaneous inhibitory effect against diabetes, a life-threatening disease, and its related pathological processes, like inflammation and vascular calcification (VC). In this research, after several screening, Nocardia sp. UTMC 751 was introduced as the first microbial source exhibiting a simultaneous inhibitory activity on the targets, including hyperglycaemia and protein glycation, and other involved pathological processes like inflammation and VC.

Aging is an inevitable process caused by the accumulation of degenerative destructions, which ultimately leads to organism death. As the aging process occurs at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels, understanding the whole details of age-related disorders is the prerequisite for the development of anti-aging therapy. More than 300 compounds of different sources have been reported with an anti-aging activity that controls age-related diseases through regulating single or multiple signalling pathways. Recent innovations in nanotechniques could lead to the development of nanomaterials having effects on age-associated malfunctions or acting as nanocarrier systems and distributers of anti-aging drugs. In this review, we summarised the molecular mechanisms of longevity and the prospect of developing anti-aging nanomaterials targeting aging pathways.

Aging is an inevitable process caused by the accumulation of degenerative destructions, which ultimately leads to organism death. As the aging process occurs at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels, understanding the whole details is the prerequisite for the development of anti-aging therapy. More than 300 compounds of different sources have been reported with the anti-aging activity that slow aging and extend lifespan through regulating single or multiple signaling pathways. Recent innovations in nanotechniques could lead to the development of nanomaterials having anti-aging effects or acting as nanocarrier systems and distributers of anti-aging drugs. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of longevity and the prospect of developing anti-aging nanomaterials targeting aging pathways.