Background and objective Olive tree is one of the most important and a widely distributed tree grown in many arid and semi-arid areas of the world. The production of olive in these areas is generally low due to the poor soil fertility. Zinc is one of the essential micronutrients for plants, and its deficiency is common in many crops. Boron deficiency is also a common micronutrient problem in agriculture, which results in reducing of yield production and quality. Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most innovative scientific field in agriculture. So the objective of this work is determine the appropriate concentration of nano-zinc and nano-boron to reach the best olive fruits yield and improve its chemical and morphological traits. Materials and methods The present investigation has been made during two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018 in a private orchard located at Ismailia governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of foliar application of boron nanoparticles at a rate of 10 and 20 ppm and zinc nanoparticles at a rate of 100 and 200 ppm on leaf chemical composition, yield, and fruit quality of Picual olive tree. Results The application of boron and zinc nanoparticles in different concentration was able to effect on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Picual cultivar in the first and second seasons, respectively, compared with the control treatment leaves mineral content and pigments, fruit set percent, fruit drop percent, fruits yield, fruit physical, and chemical characteristics. Moreover, spraying Picual cultivar with nano-boron at 20 ppm + nano-zinc at 200 ppm (T8) is the best treatment in this study to obtain the maximum final fruit set which led to harvest the maximum fruits yield with the high seed oil percentage and low acidity in the first and second seasons, respectively. Conclusion It could recommend that spraying Picual olive trees with nano-boron at 20 ppm + nano-zinc at 200 ppm is the best treatment in this study to obtain the maximum final fruit set which led to harvest the maximum fruits yield with the high seed oil percentage and low acidity.

Background and objective Olive tree is very popular in the Mediterranean area because of its fruits and oil yields. Both of them are worldwide known by their beneficial health properties. Salicylic acid is naturally occurring as phenolic compound and endogenously synthesized as signaling molecule in plants and influences various physiological and biochemical functions in plants. Ascorbic acid is an antioxidant molecule and a key substrate for the detoxification of ROS. Putrescine participates in several processes of plant growth and development. Putrescine participates in several processes of plant growth and development. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the best concentrations of these substances to improve olive fruits yield and its chemical and physical properties. Materials and methods The field experiment was conducted during two seasons of 2017 and 2018 on adult olive trees of Picual cv. (8 years old) in a private orchard located in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of foliar application with different concentrations of putrescine, salicylic, and ascorbic, in two dates of November and December. The effect of different concentrations and dates of spray under the conditions of the saline irrigation water (4.40 ds m−1) were evaluated on the fruit yield, fruit physical characteristics and fruit chemical properties of olive trees of Picual cv. Results In this study, all treatments were able to improve all studied characters compared with the control treatment in both spraying dates of November and December in both seasons, respectively. Moreover, the best yield of olive fruits in this study was recorded with the application of putrescine at 15 ppm + salicylic at 200 ppm + ascorbic at 2000 ppm in the first and second seasons, respectively. Conclusion Spraying Picual olive trees with putrescine, salicylic, and ascorbic acid in this study under the conditions of the saline irrigation water (4.40 ds m−1) was able to improve fruit yield and fruit physical and chemical properties of olive trees of Picual cv. compared with the control treatment in both spraying dates

This study was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons on adult Picual olive cv. (8 years old) in a private orchard located at Cairo Ismailia Desert Road, (about 80 Km from Cairo), Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Trees are grown in sandy soil, under drip irrigation system, uniform in shape and received the common horticultural practices, therefore, this work aims to study the effect of spraying different concentrations and dates spray of algae and moringa leaf extract (MLE) for tow times on the vegetative growth, leaf mineral contents, yield and fruit chemical properties of Picual olive trees. Results indicated that all different spraying treatments of algae and moringa extract at different spraying dates had a positive effect on vegetative growth, leaf mineral contents, fruit set, yield and fruit chemical properties in comparison with the control. Treatments of algae extract at 0.4% + moringa leaves extract at 2% and algae extract at 0.4% + moringa leaves extract at 4% were the most effective treatments to increase vegetative growth, improve leaf mineral content, fruit set, yield and oil content. Thus, these treatments can be recommended for commercial use under similar conditions

The present investigation was carried out in two successive seasons of 2015 and 2016 on Wonderful" Pomegranates trees grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system in a private orchard located at Giza governorate, Egypt. Trees were sprayed two times (at fruits size 8-10 mm & Respraying at one month later) with Potassium silicate at (2500 & 5000 ppm) , Boron at(5 &10%) , Kaolin (1 &2%) , Zinc oxidase (1000 & 2000 ppm) with wrapping as a commercial treatments. Spraying started at July in the two seasons to improve fruit cracking resistance "Wonderful" pomegranates and study their effects upon yield components, physical and chemical fruit properties. Results indicated that the "Wonderful" pomegranates cultivar had the highest values of fruit weight and the minimum cracking values were obtained by spraying Boron at (5 %) and potassium silicate at (5000 ppm) in both seasons and this treatments gave the maximum values with total yield/tree, /feddan and Marketable yield/tree, /feddan .Meanwhile ,number of arils per fruit ,total soluble solids , total sugar ,total acidity , (arils)/fruit weight was not affected but when trees treated with wrapping, without wrapping and zinc oxidase at (1000 ppm) sprays gave the minimum mentioned above characteristics. However, fruit weight, arils weight, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin and tannins %were increased as influenced by foliar spraying with all treatments in both studied seasons. Therefore, boron at 5 % and Potassium silicate at 5000 ppm treatments could be recommended for improving Wonderfull pomegranate cvs performance in cracking resistance alternative treatments to fruit wrapping under similar conditions of this study.

Nanoparticles (NPs), especially from micronutrients, are recently motivated for replacing their common mineral counterparts. To evaluate their comparative efficacy, this investigation was conducted to estimate the impact of foliar application of zinc through different sources on productivity, fruit quality and improve marketable fruit of "Wonderful" pomegranate trees. The field experiment was performed during two seasons (2017 and 2018) on sevenyear old pomegranate trees "Wonderful" cv., cultivated in a private "Hegazi" farm located at 57 km. from Cairo on the road to Alex., Egypt. Four sources of zinc named "Zinc Sulphate, Zinc mannitol complex, Bio-Nano zinc (Bio Zn NPs) and Zinc Oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) with four rates from each other were sprayed twice (the first before one week from full bloom and the second after a month from the first). So the experiment included seventeen treatments in a sample study spread in a randomized complete block design by five replicates. Results explicated that the greatest significant values of fruit set% were recorded by Bio Nano Zinc (Bio Zn NPs) treatments especially (400 ppm Bio-Nano Zinc (Bio Zn NPs)). Spraying with (3000, 4000 ppm Zn mannitol complex) and (300, 400 ppm Bio-Nano Zinc (Bio Zn NPs)) showed significantly the greatest values of productivity, improves marketable fruits and fruit quality of "Wonderful" pomegranate trees. So it could be recommended by spraying "Wonderful" pomegranate trees by 3000 ppm Zinc mannitol complex or 300 ppm Bio-Nano zinc (Bio Zn NPs). Another important point is that the application of Bio Zn NPs fertilizer at around 10% from the commercial dose of zinc sulphate resulted in the same results without any change in the productivity, further researches are needed to study a further low level of Zinc Oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) below (100 ppm Zinc Oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs)) which may be improving yield and fruit quality.