Aborder la problématique du genre dans la cyber-radicalisation terroriste revient à s’interroger principalement sur le processus de recrutement et de radicalisation des hommes et des femmes sur l’internet. Cet article tente de répondre à ces interrogations dans un contexte où Internet est devenu l’arme de prédilection de plusieurs groupes terroristes, notamment l’État islamique, pour toucher et sensibiliser de nouvelles recrues. Le Sénégal et le Mali, présentant deux contextes sécuritaires différents, seront ciblés. Le Sénégal et le Mali étant de plus en plus connectés à Internet, leurs populations deviennent accessibles aux messages propices au radicalisme terroriste, qui sont facilement véhiculés par ce canal, prenant pour cibles hommes et femmes. C’est en cela que la croissance exponentielle du taux de pénétration dans ces pays provoque un contexte de vulnérabilité. Les terroristes entrent en contact avec les potentielles cibles à travers les réseaux sociaux en utilisant la manipulation, voire le chantage. Ils parviennent à convaincre la plupart de leurs cibles qui sont surtout des jeunes (H/F) et des femmes. Il demeure ainsi crucial aujourd’hui de mettre l’accent sur la dimension genre dans les processus de recrutement et de radicalisation terroristes en raison des impacts variables sur les femmes et les hommes.
This chapter situates the Extraordinary African Chambers (EAC) among wider Senegalese and African justice initiatives, examining the EAC as a re-appropriation of international criminal justice by African actors. It is obvious that the trial of Hissène Habré took place in the context of conflictual relations between Africa and the International Criminal Court (ICC). Since the arrest warrant issued for Omar Al Bashir, relations between the ICC and the states forming the African Union (AU) went steadily downhill, to such an extent that the AU came to envisage creating a criminal section within the institution. What people appear to be increasingly witnessing is the determination to regionalize African criminal justice, as may be concluded from the recent adoption of the Malabo Protocol and the call to withdraw from the ICC. The chapter then looks at the dynamics of an emerging regional criminal justice system across Africa. It is important to note that the innovative aspect of the Habré trial that has had the most positive impact was its demonstration of an African determination first to fight against impunity, and second to participate in the progressive development of international criminal justice.
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