f all the methods used to adorn textile materials today, printing is the most important. It is a wellknown method applied in the textile business to improve the fabric's visual appeal and satisfy consumer preferences. Printing is primarily a sort of colouring in which a specific region rather than the entire fabric is coloured. During the printing process, thickeners are employed to limit the amount of colouring material on the pattern. The usage of artificial thickeners in the printing industry has a number of negative environmental implications. Therefore, in this study, we focused on using several environmentally friendly natural gums as thickeners to minimise the effects on the environment. Experimental results demonstrated that native and natural thickeners such as neem, almond, and arabic gums may be utilised successfully in fabric printing.

anthan Gum, a member of the natural thickener family, has grown in usefulness in food and industrial applications. However, when used as a thickener, Xanthan Gum showed more elastic behavior and weak gel characteristics due to its stiffness and ordered conformation, as well as printing defects like poor screen ability, low color yield, and uneven color. If modification techniques are used to alter the rheological characteristics of XG solutions to get effective printing results This work involved the deacetylation of several modified xanthan gums (MXG) using an alkali treatment at a certain temperature on cotton and silk fabrics and using it as a pretreatment of polyester fabrics. The screen ability, color yield, and penetration of printing were all enhanced when MXG was used as a thickener instead of xanthan gum. Excellent printing performances were achieved by These thickeners, which have might be good pastes to meet the requirements of cotton, silk, and polyester printing

The coating of various textiles, including 3D weft-knitted spacer fabrics (92% polyester -8% spandex), polyester, and cotton, is presently seen to be a great use for silica aerogels (SA). They may impart and improve various attributes to the aforementioned fabrics thanks to their exquisite porous structure, large surface area, and superior permeability. They are primarily created from three different types of precursors, namely water glass (Sodium silicate), alkoxysilanes, and orthosilicates, to produce silica, which has the chemical formula O-Si-O. They follow a conventional sol-gel manufacturing process, going through three stages: gelation, aging, and drying. They are coated onto cloth and give self-cleaning, superamphiphobicity, chemical protection, thermal insulation, and thermal comfort qualities.

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