Theories of gender differences in the performance or quality of care work should tie these to structural arrangements. Unless the gendered bases upon which different styles or experiences are removed (i.e., structural inequality), designers of interventions cannot and should not expect to use the experience of one group to inform appropriate strategies for the other.

Keywords: ageism / age relations / race / sexuality / class An inadvertent but pernicious ageism burdens much of women's studies scholarship and activism. It stems from failing to study old people on their own terms and from failing to theorize age relations-the system of inequality, based on age, which privileges the not-old at the expense of the old (Calasanti 2003). Some feminists mention age-based oppression but treat it as a given-an "et cetera" on a list of oppressions, as if to indicate that we already know what it is. As a result, feminist work suffers, and we engage in our own oppression. Using scholarship on the body and carework as illustrative, this article explores both the absence of attention to the old and age relations, and how feminist scholarship can be transformed by the presence of such attention. Neglecting Old AgeFeminist scholars have given little attention either to old women or to aging (Arber and Ginn 1991), despite Barbara Macdonald's work in the women's movement in the 1980s and her plea that old age be recognized (Macdonald and Rich 1983); despite the increases in absolute and relative numbers of those over age 65, and the skewed sex ratio among old people in the United States; and despite the shifting age ratios in nations worldwide. In her NWSA presidential address at the turn of the century, Berenice Carroll showed where Women's Studies had been and where it will head in the new millennium. She discussed the challenges of women of color and lauds the more recent inclusion of lesbian studies. Nowhere, however, did she mention aging issues (2001). The number of women's studies scholars engaged in work on later life is still so small that those with any interest in aging can count them; the rest (probably the majority)

The men face contradictions: While they may adopt ideologies of masculinity and control and accept responsibility for influencing their health, their bodies may also present them with age-based limitations to their abilities to do so. How men respond to these changes varies by context, including their aging and these nations' different systems of health care.

Studies of manhood neglect the old just as social gerontology avoids theorizing masculinity, but theories of age relations have much to offer to the scholarship of men. Preliminary study of a mass-marketed program of "successful aging" suggests that old men with money to spend can consume images of themselves as young again. The authors analyze both the ageism of such a consumer regimen and its implications for old manhood in the contexts of men's endangered physical health, unequal access to wealth, heterosexual dominance, and fears of impotency. (YOUNG) MEN'S STUDIESStudies of old men are common in the gerontological literature, but those that theorize masculinity remain rare. As in many academic endeavors, men's experiences have formed the basis for much research, but this

Keywords: ageism / age relations / race / sexuality / class An inadvertent but pernicious ageism burdens much of women's studies scholarship and activism. It stems from failing to study old people on their own terms and from failing to theorize age relations-the system of inequality, based on age, which privileges the not-old at the expense of the old (Calasanti 2003). Some feminists mention age-based oppression but treat it as a given-an "et cetera" on a list of oppressions, as if to indicate that we already know what it is. As a result, feminist work suffers, and we engage in our own oppression. Using scholarship on the body and carework as illustrative, this article explores both the absence of attention to the old and age relations, and how feminist scholarship can be transformed by the presence of such attention. Neglecting Old AgeFeminist scholars have given little attention either to old women or to aging (Arber and Ginn 1991), despite Barbara Macdonald's work in the women's movement in the 1980s and her plea that old age be recognized (Macdonald and Rich 1983); despite the increases in absolute and relative numbers of those over age 65, and the skewed sex ratio among old people in the United States; and despite the shifting age ratios in nations worldwide. In her NWSA presidential address at the turn of the century, Berenice Carroll showed where Women's Studies had been and where it will head in the new millennium. She discussed the challenges of women of color and lauds the more recent inclusion of lesbian studies. Nowhere, however, did she mention aging issues (2001). The number of women's studies scholars engaged in work on later life is still so small that those with any interest in aging can count them; the rest (probably the majority)