No abstract

Objective: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of holmium YAG laser and pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral stones. Material and methods:A total of 216 patients who had established indications of ureteroscopy between November 2011 and June 2012 were included in this study. Patients' files were retrospectively reviewed by dividing cases as groups that underwent pneumatic (PL) or laser lithotripsy (LL) procedures. Age, sex, stone burden and localization, duration of follow-up, operative times were evaluated. Stone-free rates were evaluated by ureteroscopical examination, postoperative scout films and ultrasonography.Results: Group PL consisted of 109 and group LL of 107 patients. Median age was 43.93±15.94 years in Group PL and 46.15±14.54 years in Group LL. Male to female ratio, stone burden and localization were similar for both groups. Overall success rate was 89.9% in Group PL and 87.9% in Group LL, respectively (p<0.791). With the aid of additional procedures, success rate was 100% for both groups at the end of the first month. Groups were not different as for operative time, rate of insertion of an ureteral catheter and its removal time. Hospitalization period was apparently somewhat shorter in Group LL (p= 0.00). Conclusion:Pneumatic lithotripsy can be as efficacious as laser lithotripsy and be used safely in the endoscopic management of ureteral stone. In comparison of both methods, we detected no differences as to operative time, success of operation and the time to removal of the catheter, however, hospitalization period was shorter in Group LL.

Acute urinary retention in women is a rarely seen phenomenon due to pharmacological, neuromuscular, anatomical, functional and infectious causes. Human papillomaviruses causing condyloma acuminata is one of the rarely reported viral infectious cause of acute urinary retention in case reports. A 45-year-old woman with acute urinary retention was found to have a round solid lesion on external urethral meatus. Histopathological examination revealed as condyloma acuminata. Urethral condyloma can be treated by local excision as an effective method for early improvement of voiding function. Even if the genital condyloma can be locally excised, patients should be referred to the gynecologists for cervical cancer screening.

Carcinoid tumors conform less than 1% of all testicular tumors and most of them are neuroendocrine tumors which are primarily seen in testes. They are in the form of testicular metastasis from other organs. Carcinoid tumors may occur from differentiation of malignant teratomas. The main distinguishing feature of carcinoid tumors from other germ tumors is that they can be seen in all age groups. Histopathologically they have been described in two forms: well-differentiated and moderately differentiated. We aimed to discuss about a primary testicular carcinoid tumor in a 29 year old male patient.

Introduction: Urethral stricture is characterized by a decrease in urethral flow severe enough to cause acute urinary retention. Urethral strictures may develop after traumas to the urethral epithelium and/or corpus spongiosum. Complication rates due to untreated urethral stricture are very high. Although various treatment methods have been described, the second most common method for urethral dilation in practice is cold knife internal urethrotomy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate data from patients who were treated with internal urethrotomy in our clinic. Methods: This study included patients who were treated with urethral urethrotomy due to internal stricture between January 2011 and May 2015. Demographic, clinical, radiological, uroflowmetric (maximum and mean urine flow rate) and relevant data of the patients were retrospectively evaluated and recorded. Results: This study included 155 patients with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 71.70 (± 13.7). Etiologically the most common reason was urological surgical procedures (67%), and the most common stricture was seen at bulbomembranous urethra region (85.2%). The mean length of stricture was 5.4 ± 2.4 mm. Mean duration to remove the catheter was 1.8 ± 1.3 days. Regional anesthesia was used in 67.7% of the patients. Our success rate was 78.1%. Comparison of maximum and mean urine flow rates pre-and postoperatively revealed significant increases postoperatively. Conclusion: Internal urethrotomy is a first line treatment method for urethral strictures because it is easily applied, has a low complication rate, and can be applied with local anesthesia in high-risk patients who are unable to take general anesthesia. Although recurrence rate is high, repeatability is its greatest advantage, and it causes significant relief in patients with urethral strictures, but it must be kept in mind that definitive treatment is urethroplasty.