Background: Every activity requires a certain amount of concentration and no effective action may be performed without deep concentration. Businessman or artists or students in school must know the art of focusing all powers of attention on a single point in order to succeed in their respective vocation. Methods: We wanted to find the best technique to increase the concentration scientifically. We thus, endeavored to study and compare the reaction times in maneuvers of anuloma viloma pranayama, kapalbhatti pranayama, gayatri chanting and exercise. Reaction time test was taken online before anuloma viloma pranayama, kapalbhatti pranayama, gayatri chanting and exercise and compared after. Results: Reaction times decreased significantly and was least during gayatri mantra. Concentration as seen by a decrease in visual reaction time denotes first a withdrawal of attention from objects of distraction and then focusing all attention upon one thing at a time. Just 30 minutes of physical activity each day offers substantial benefits to your health. Conclusions: Pranayama or devotional music chanting also decreases fatigue keeps the mind alert, and active.

Background: Obesity is one of the common significant health hazards and is associated with autonomic dysfunction. Aims and objectives: The present study was designed to assess the underlying autonomic neuropathy in obese subjects and to compare it with age-matched controls. Material and Methods: Thirty obese subjects in the age group of 21-40 years were recruited for the study. Six non-invasive autonomic function tests were performed out of which four were based mainly on parasympathetic control (Heart rate response to standing (30:15 ratio), The S:L (standing to lying) ratio, The Valsalva ratio, Heart rate response to deep breathing ) and the other two were mainly sympathetic (Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test and Cold Pressor Test). Statistical Analysis: Results were analysed by ANOVA with SPSS version 17.0 using unpaired‘t’ test. Results: Results showed that Heart rate response to standing(30:15 ratio), The S:L (standing to lying) ratio, The Valsalva ratio, Heart rate response to deep breathing, Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test and Cold Pressor Test were significantly lower (p <0.05) in obese subjects as compared to control subjects. Conclusions: Latent autonomic neuropathy may be present in otherwise healthy obese individuals. Early and regular screening of obese individuals is necessary to prevent any future complications

OBJECTIVES:Physical exercise provides multiple benefits to an individual. It is known that exercising regularly can prevent coronary heart disease, hypertension and obesity and improve flexibility. The effect of exercise on visual reaction time needs to be studied, as the existing data on the benefit of aerobic exercise on psychomotor functions is insufficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Online Visual reaction time is measured before and after exercise. Subjects were instructed to run on the spot with a springy step in exaggerated motion for 50 to 60 counts at 2 counts per second, maintaining a constant rhythm. RESULTS: We observed that reaction time was significantly lower after performance of exercise. Individuals reported improved mental alertness, feel good factor, better mood and increase circulation. CONCLUSION: Improving reaction times in sports can help the athlete to optimize his performance in making decisions and increasing attention span for example getting off the starting blocks sooner or successfully making contact with the ball. In addition this study shows that use of physical exercise helps improve cognitive function. Exercise proves to be a cheap non pharmacological alternative to improve cognitive performance. KEYWORDS: Exercise, Visual Reaction Time. INTRODUCTION:Reaction speed is the ability to quick motor response to definite stimulus, while the time that elapses between the sensory stimulation and the motor reaction time is called reaction time.(1) This is the time that elapses between a stimulus and response. This process consists of sensory and perceptual process. After a stimulus is perceived by our receptors (In our eyes, and ears), identification and recognition in the central nervous system begin. If we recognize a certain stimulus to be significant for us, we respond, in the opposite case we ignore and do not respond. The speed of identifying the stimulus is an essential factor in this process. The last stage of the response to the stimulus is a motor reaction which involves clicking the computer mouse. (2) Today, a sedentary life style, lack of vigorous physical activity has lead to increase in incidence of cardiovascular diseases and psychological stress. It is known that exercising regularly can prevent coronary heart disease, hypertension, obesity and improve flexibility. (3) Act of exercising has been shown to enhance numerous aspects of mental functioning such as moods, self-esteem and general psychological well-being. (4) Several studies have shown that physical exercises improve and protect the brain function. This suggests that physically active individual have better cognitive function and are at lower risk to develop disorders of the mind as compared to those who have a sedentary life style. (5) The effect of exercise on visual reaction time needs to be studied, as the existing data on the benefit of aerobic exercise on psychomotor functions is insufficient. (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) Indian data on this subject is very limited. Hence, we designed this study to see the e...

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