Neurofibroma is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It is one of the most frequent tumors of neural origin and its presence is one of the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type I (NF-I). Neurofibromatosis type I is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease due to an alteration in the long arm of chromosome 17. About 50% of NF-I patients have no family history of the disease. NF-I patients have skin lesions (café au lait spots and neurofibromas) as well as bone malformations and central nervous system tumors. Diagnosis is based on a series of clinical criteria. NF-I presents with certain definite oral manifestations which confers to the dentists a major responsibility for accurate diagnosis and report of the disease. The paper aims to highlight the role of an oral diagnostician in first recognition of NF-I in a family via manifestations in the oral cavity.

Colposcopy is an established technique for diagnosis in gynecology. Many premalignant and malignant lesions in these areas have discernible characteristics which can be detected using a colposcope, providing an enlarged view of the areas, allowing the colposcopist to visually distinguish normal from abnormal appearing tissue and take directed biopsies for further pathological examination. The diagnosis of a dysplastic lesion of the oral mucosa cannot be based solely on clinical findings. Therefore, histological evaluation of a representative biopsy specimen is necessary. The site for the biopsy is a subjective choice that sometimes raises doubts about its representativeness. So far, no simple and reliable method is available for selecting the most appropriate area for biopsy. Intraoral microscopy (oral application of the colposcopy technique) of mucosal lesions seems to offer advantages in selecting more representative sites for biopsy than routine clinical examination alone. The biopsy sites identified by direct oral microscopy show more advanced histologic signs than those selected by routine clinical examination. This article enlightens the application of colposcopy in diagnosis of oral premalignant lesions and malignant lesions.

Hypodontia is the most common dentofacial anomaly observed in humans.  It can be syndromic or an isolated trait. Missing teeth not only affects functionality of dentition but also aesthetically looks unpleasing. In this case report, a 12 year old girl is presented with agenesis of four permanent teeth. On examination, patient was found to be suffering from non syndromic hypodontia. Restorative and Prosthetic treatment was done to rehabilitate the case

ABSTRACT

A chemical burn is seen in oral cavity after a noxious agent is placed in direct contact with the mucosa as a mode of self treatment or iatrogenically by dentist. Mild lesions due to less irritating agents result in mild alteration in texture, while more severe lesions (soreness to outright pain) are due to more irritating agents and because of agents of longer duration of contact. Commonly used chemicals used by patients for tooth pain are aspirin which is placed next to the offending tooth and OTC preparations. The essential oil based preparations are easily available in pharmacies or are prepared by local people. These medicaments can harm a patient if not used under medical or ayurvedic supervision as they have beneficial plant extracts, essential oils etc. A case of such self inflicted chemical burn of the oral mucosa is reported due to use of clove oil preparation available locally, used with varying amount and frequency. History of using over the counter medicaments for dental ailment should be asked when patients visit the dentist with complains of burning or white patch in mouth.