A number of non-destructive methods for internal quality evaluation have been studied by different researchers over the past eight decades. X-ray and computed tomography imaging techniques are few of them which are gaining popularity now days in various fields of agriculture and food quality evaluation. These techniques, so far predominantly used in medical applications, have also been explored for internal quality inspection of various agricultural products non-destructively, when quality features are not visible on the surface of the products. Though, safety of operators and time required for tests are of concern, the non-destructive nature of these techniques has great potential for wide applications on agricultural produce. This paper presents insight of X-ray based non-destructive techniques such as X-ray imaging and Computed Tomography (CT). The concepts, properties, equipment and their parameters, systems and applications associated with the use of X-rays and CT for agricultural produce have been elaborated.

Blanching was performed to inactivate the enzyme using microwave, steam and hot water blanching methods and effect on the enzymatic activity, chemical properties and physical properties of the sweet corn were studied. The effectiveness of each blanching process was evaluated by measuring the loss of peroxidase activity, which was lost after 60, 90 and 120 s with k-values 0.016, 0.024 and 0.028 s-1 following first order kinetics for microwave, steam and hot water blanching respectively. The total sugar, ascorbic acid, moisture content, kernel mass and geometric diameter changed from 8.

The necessity to increase the production of food grains and enhances the quality of surrounding environment has leaded to find the materials to control or regulate the water and wind erosion. Mulching has become now a days an essential and decisive exercise in agricultural production. It lessens the application of herbicides and various chemical fertilizers, control the weeds and maintains the soil moisture and soil temperature. This article consists of the detail reviews of different research conducted on mulches and elaborate the opportunities that they resolving the problem in agriculture. The resources of water for agricultural operations have been inadequate over the years as a result of global warming and uneven or uncertain rainfall in the low rainfall zones of India. To alleviate the water scarcity in agriculture, mulching has a vital impact as a water conserving technique in rain-fed cropping. It is very important primarily for preserving the soil moisture, preventing evaporation of soil and governing the soil temperature, which affects the food production. India being an agricultural country should have a better admiration towards water conservation tactics. By now we are fighting from a great stress of water insufficiency. Each and every drop of water is important for us but inappropriately because of inattentiveness, we repeatedly waste gigantic volume of water in which 70 to 80 % is passed down for irrigation purpose. Mulching and micro- irrigation techniques can play a vital role in controlling the over and excessive irrigation. This practice assistance to prevent weed growth, increment soil moisture, reduce soil erosion, maintain soil temperature, augments soil structure, improves soil fertility and improvise soil biological regime. There are several categories of mulching which are organic mulching, inorganic mulching, natural mulching, synthetic mulching, surface mulching, upright mulching or vertical mulching, plastic mulching, rubber mulching, pebble or stone mulching, dust mulching, straw mulching, landscape fabric, live vegetative barriers etc. Mulching also shows some limitations beyond many advantages as it may harbor some insects, pests and diseases and also create some weed problems sometimes. The current analysis deals with argument of every single feature of mulching and it’s beneficiary effects.

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