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Objectives: To compare the traditional teaching with algorithm or flowchart-based teaching method in cytology and to assess the performance of newly joined residents in cytopathology after training them with algorithm-based approach. Materials & Methods: The study included 20 newly joined residents who were divided into two groups I.e., group A and group B and was conducted in two different sets. In set 1, group A residents were trained with the algorithmic approach and group B residents by theoretical method for 10 different cytological cases of thyroid and breast. In set 2, group B residents were taught the algorithmic approach and group A residents by theoretical method for 10 different cytological cases of salivary gland and lymph node. The performance of the residents in both the sets was assessed and pre-test and post-test scores were given based on their ability to diagnose the lesions before and after the training. The feedback on the utility of algorithmic approach in cytopathology was received from the participated residents after the study. Results: The performance of the residents was compared using Mann Whitney U test of post-test scores and was found that in set 1, group A residents’ performance was greater than that of group B residents. Similarly for the set 2, the performance of group B residents was greater than group A residents. The performance of group A residents in set 2 was found to be better than their performance in set 1. Conclusion: The algorithm or flowchart-based teaching is a unique teaching method which enhances case solving skills and effective reasoning in the residents. Keywords: Algorithm based approach, Cytopathology, FNAC, Pathology resident training

Palatine tonsils are paired masses of lymphoid tissue which act as immunologic barrier against the entry of pathogenic agents into the respiratory and digestive tracts. Despite their protective function, tonsils are prone to infection. Tonsillitis is a common disease especially among the children. Chronic tonsillitis is a disease with repeated attacks of acute tonsillitis or a sub-clinic form of a resistant or poorly treated infection. To study the histomorphological findings of various lesions of tonsils. A cross sectional study was carried out at a department of pathology in a tertiary care hospital for a period of two years. A total 160 cases of the histomorphologically identified tonsillectomy specimens were included and stained by Hematoxylin & Eosin . We studied histopathology of 160 cases, out of which 156 were tonsillectomy specimens, 4 were tonsillar biopsies. The age of patients ranged from 1 to 60 years. In our study the histomorphological diagnosis showed 45(28.1%) cases showed chronic tonsillitis, 62(38.7%) cases of follicular tonsillitis, 5(3.2%) cases of chronic tonsillitis showed actinomycotic colonies, with no tissue reaction, 2(1.2%) cases of acute on chronic tonsillitis, and 40(25%) cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and 5(3.2%) cases of Acute suppurative tonsillitis 1(0.6%) cases and 1(0.6%) case of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were seen. Routine histomorphogical study of tonsillectomy specimens has a low cost-benefit rate, and most diagnostic tool for early screening and follow-up of malignancy.

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