Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is characterized by lesions in major coronary arteries produced by the atherosclerotic phenomenon. IHD is currently thought to be a complicated disorder, and studies have revealed that, in addition to the usual traditional risk factors, genetic factors also play major roles in its occurrence. Due to the intricate interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors, the link between ACE polymorphisms and other risk variables in IHD is not fully characterized. The purpose of this study was to look at how ACE gene I/D polymorphism and dyslipidemia affect the risk of developing IHD complications in hypertensive patients. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study of 70 hypertensive IHD patients and 70 age-and sex-matched healthy controls was conducted. Clinical parameters were measured to assess the associated risk factors. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was isolated from blood samples, and the ACE I/D genotypes were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: Our analysis showed that the ACE-DD genotype (OR = 2.72, 95% CL = 1.11-6.64; P < 0.05) and D allele (OR = 1.93, 95% CL = 1.18-3.13; P < 0.05) are considerably higher in patients than controls. Our study also identified dyslipidemia, which was found to be considerably greater in patients than controls (OR = 4.69, 95% CL = 1.86-11.82; P < 0.001), indicating that it is a major risk factor for the onset and progression of IHD. Conclusion:The ACE I/D gene of the DD genotype and the D allele have been linked to an increased risk of developing hypertensive IHD complications. Moreover, dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the onset of ischemic heart disease.

BackgroundIschemic stroke is a complicated, multifaceted condition brought on by a confluence of vascular, environmental, and genetic variables. The burden of ischemic stroke is currently rising in terms of death, morbidity, and disability worldwide. Genetic variables also play significant roles in the pathophysiology of hypertension and ischemic stroke in addition to the greatest effects of demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors. The key functional variation of the ACE gene that has drawn the most interest is the ACE I/D variant. Even though the ACE gene I/D polymorphism has been widely studied, the findings of investigations on the involvement of this polymorphism in ischemic stroke were contradictory and provide conflicting data. The goal of this study was to look into the effect of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism on the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with hypertension.MethodsA hospital-based case–control study was carried out in 36 cases of patients with hypertensive IS and 36 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Clinical and biochemical parameters were measured to assess the associated risk factors. The DNA was isolated from blood samples, and the ACE I/D genotypes were identified using polymerase chain reaction and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis.ResultsThe ACE-DD genotype (OR = 3.71, 95% CI = 1.02–13.5; P &lt; 0.05) and D allele (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.06–4.03; P &lt; 0.05) were significantly more common in patients than in controls, indicating that it is a risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke in hypertensive individuals.ConclusionThere is a significant correlation between the ACE gene I/D polymorphism and the development of ischemic stroke in patients with a history of hypertension in the Ethiopian population.

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