Breast cancer (BC) is an important cause of female cancer‐related death. It has recently been demonstrated that metabolic disorders including lipid metabolism are a hallmark of cancer cells. Lipin‐1 is an enzyme that displays phosphatidate phosphatase activity and regulates the rate‐limiting step in the pathway of triglycerides and phospholipids synthesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate lipin‐1 expression, its prognostic significance, and its correlation with p53 tumor suppressor in patients with BC. In this study, 55 pairs of fresh samples of BC and adjacent noncancerous tissue were used to analyze lipin‐1, using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The expression of other clinicopathological variables and p53 was also examined using IHC technique. The cell migration was studied in MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB231 cells following the inhibition of lipin‐1 by propranolol. Our results show that the relative expression of lipin‐1 messenger RNA was significantly higher in BC tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissue and its inhibition reduced cell migration in cancer cells. This upregulation was negatively correlated with histological grade of tumor and p53 status (p = .001 and p = .034) respectively and positively correlated with the tumor size (p = .006). Our results also seem to indicate that the high lipin‐1 expression is related to a good prognosis in patients with BC. The expression of lipin‐1 may be considered as a novel independent prognostic factor. The inhibition of lipin‐1 may also have therapeutic significance for patients with BC. The correlation between lipin‐1 and p53 confirms the role of p53 in the regulation of lipid metabolism in cancer cells.
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Histamine is synthesized via histidine decarboxylase (HDC) in wide types of immune cells and is involved in abundant physiologic and pathologic processes. Histamine is a mediator released during inflammatory reactions, such as food allergy. Food allergy is immunological reactions to 'fight off' specific allergens within food in susceptible individuals. The aim of this study was investigation of the histamine hemostasis and food allergy to discover the relationship between them. Analysis of data from multiple electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct were performed. Various criteria were applied to select the articles for inclusion. Food allergy reaction is divided to 4 types of the immune response. These reactions with different mechanisms cause increased concentrations of histamine. Histamine does can make various actions in different tissues. The correct and timely diagnosis of food allergy can lead to reduction of the chemicals release and inhibit of abnormal reaction of the body. According to some studies, measurement of N-methylhistamine (NMH) as the major metabolite of histamine may help to diagnose patients with food-allergen induced clinical symptoms.
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