Introduction: Diclofenac (DFC) has been widely utilized as anti-inflammatory and analgesic medication. Naringin is a natural flavanone glycoside that is found in citrus fruits. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid found in vegetables and fruits. Aim: evaluation of the roles of naringin and quercetin in protection and recovery of rats' stomach ulcers caused by DFC. Material and methods: Forty male albino adult rats were divided into 4 identical groups: Control group, (DFC) group: rats were given 10 mg/kg b.w. /day DFC by oral gavage for 4 weeks, (DFC + Naringin) group: rats were given100 mg/kg/body weight naringin daily along with previous dose of DFC dose for 4 weeks and (DFC + Quercetin) group: rats were given 50 mg/kg body weight quercetin daily along with previous dose of DFC. The stomach tissues were examined grossly and processed for microscopic examination. Results: DFC group revealed ulceration of mucosa resulting in detachment of fundic mucosa, inflammatory infiltration, and wide lumen of fundic glands. There was a thin, sporadic PAS-AB mucous coating over the surface epithelium. It showed extensive iNOS immunoreaction in the cytoplasm of gastric epithelial cell and strong PCNA immunoexpression in the cells lining the fundic glands. Both naringin and quercetin exhibited a protective effect by prevention of histopathological changes caused by DFC on gastric mucosa. There is a persistent, thick mucus coating covering the surface epithelium, weak iNOS immunoreaction and moderate PCNA.
Conclusion:The intake of naringin during taking diclofenac protects the stomach mucosa but quercetin has more protection than naringin.
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