Background: Chronic venous leg ulcer reduces the patients' activities and their overall quality of life. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was previously investigated as promising less invasive management for leg ulcers.This study aims: To re-assess the efficacy and safety of PRP in the management of chronic leg ulcers due to venous factors.Patients/Methods: RCT enrolled 80 patients who clinically presented with chronic venous leg ulcers. Forty patients were allocated randomly for the treatment with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Intradermal and subdermal injection of PRP by 27guage syringe weekly, in all edges and in the granular floor of the ulcer for 4-6 sessions. Another 40 patients managed by conventional treatment by compression and dressing for the same period were allocated as Group B. Objective assessment achieved by the percentage of reduction of the size of the ulcer area, rate of healing, incidence of recurrence, and if side effects have been reported.Results: PRP therapy showed better results and high p value significance when compared to conventional therapy. Conclusion:This study shows that PRP is effective and significant in promoting the wound healing process in chronic leg venous ulcers. PRP is simple, safe, and has a short learning curve technique.

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Background The link between immune system and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathogenesis attracted attention to demonstrate the role of immune cells and their secreted cytokines in T2DM development and its subsequent foot complications. Objective To investigate the relation between T Natural killer cell (TNK) %, Interleukin 4 (IL4) and Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and diabetic foot infection (DFI) development in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Patients and Methods Ninety patients with diabetes were included in this work, divided as T2DM group (n=30), DFU group (n=30), and DFI group (n=30). TNK% was detected using flow cytometry. Serum IL4 and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA. Diabetes biochemical parameters were also analyzed. Results Significant decrease was detected in TNK% and IFN-γ in DFI group compared to other 2 groups ( P <0.001). Significant decrease was detected in serum levels of IL4 in DFI group compared to T2DM group ( P =0.006). IFN-γ/IL4 was significantly decreased in DFI compared to DFU group ( P =0.020). There was a significant correlation of TNK% with both IL4 and IFN-γ (r=0.385, P <0.001; r=0.534, P <0.001, respectively). Significant negative correlation of TNK% with HbA1c and LDL was revealed (r=−0.631, P <0.001; and r=−0.261, P =0.013, respectively), while a positive correlation was seen with HDL (r=0.287, P =0.006). A significant negative correlation of IL4 with HbA1c  was found (r=−0.514, P <0.001;. As for IFN-γ, a significant negative correlation with HbA1c and LDL was detected (r=−0.369, P < 0.001; r=−0.229, P =0.030). TNK % and IFN-γ level showed negative correlations with disease duration/year (r=−0.546, P < 0.001; r=−0.338, P =0.001,respectively). Conclusion Decline in TNK frequency has essential role in T2DM pathogenesis and subsequent foot complications. Downregulation of TNK% and IFN-γ level have potential roles in predicting infection of diabetic ulcer and are correlated with disease duration.

Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is a great need to demonstrate a more efficient biomarker that would confirm the diagnosis of DVT. Our work aimed to evaluate the role of platelet-derived growth factor-beta (PDGF-B) as a new marker of DVT and its correlation with other radiological and laboratory tools used for the diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A case–control study enrolled forty patients selected from our university hospital between April 2018 and August 2018, who divided into two groups: Group I ( n = 20) consisted of patients diagnosed with acute venous thrombosis and Group II ( n = 20) consisted of patients diagnosed with chronic venous thrombosis. Twenty samples were collected from age- and gender-matched apparently healthy controls to be used as a control. Venous duplex ultrasonography, routine laboratory investigations, D-dimer (DD), and protein expression of PDGF-B were performed on all patients. Results: There was a highly significant increase in a protein expression of PDFG-B in all cases of acute and chronic venous thrombosis compared to the control group with P < 0.001; furthermore, it was more specific than DD for the detection of DVT (specificity 95% and 90%, respectively). Conclusion: Our study submits a novel association of PDGF-B plasma levels with DVT, and PDGF-B is considered to be a more specific indicator for DVT than is DD.

Background: Iliac arteries are commonly affected by occlusive atherosclerotic disease, leading to arterial insufficiency and lower extremity symptoms. Atherosclerosis in the iliac region often coexists with pathologies below the inguinal ligament. Aims: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of unilateral common iliac artery stenting versus bilateral kissing stents in terms of clinical and technical success for treating unilateral common iliac artery ostial lesions. Method: A prospective study (October 2022-April 2023) that included 40 patients randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received bilateral kissing stents, while group B underwent unilateral common iliac artery stenting. Clinical evaluation, technical success, and complications were assessed over six months. Results: Technical success rate was 100 % in groups A and B, six months primary patency rate in group A was 95% had patent stent with good inflow while 5% had claudication at 100 M, treated by a balloon expandable stent. While in group B, 85% had patent stent with good inflow while 5% had claudication at 100 M, treated by balloon expandable stent, 5% had renal failure, congested heart failure and died, and 5% neglected medication. DFI occurred, sepsis and AKA was done as a lifesaving. Conclusion:Unilateral common iliac artery stenting demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes, technical success, and complication rates to bilateral kissing stents. It provides a safe and effective alternative for treating unilateral common iliac artery ostial lesions.