Plants extracts and essential oils were used in pest management in different crops against various pests. Under field conditions, we examined the effect of two plant extracts and four essential aromatic oils on the response of tomato hybrid cultivar Gold Stone to Tuta absoluta infestation. Also, their effects on some growth characteristics of tomato plants as well as their total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids contents were explored in the two successive summer seasons of 2011 and 2012. The treatments were Lemon grass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) at 25 gm /L., Garlic extract (Allium sativum) at 5ml / L., Eucalyptus oil (Eucalyptus spp.) at 0.5%, Rue oil (Ruta graveolens) at 0.5%, Anise oil (Ocimum basilicum) at 0.5%, Basil oil (Pimpinella anisum) at 0.5%. Ethyl acetate (Solvent) and tap water (Control). The plants were sprayed three times at two week intervals starting after 40 days from transplanting. All treatments reduced population density of Tuta absoluta significantly. The highest reduction was recorded by garlic extract followed by lemon grass extract and basil oil. Lemon grass extract significantly increased Lascorbic acid (Vitamin C) contents in tomato fruits followed by basil oil. Also, garlic extract increased the yield of tomato significantly followed by eucalyptus oil in the first season while in the second season, anise oil followed by garlic extract were insignificantly increased the fruit yield than the other tested treatments. On the other hand, garlic extract recorded the highest values of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and total flavonoids (TFs) in unifested and infestedtreated tomato leaves.
Recent research indicate that, it is possible to obtain many positive effects on water quality that improve water use in done by using magnetic water technique an devies 15000 Gaous the effectivenens of magnetic flux denisity were 300-400 meter. This work in using magnetization fertigation process was carried out to investigate soil moisture distributions under three soil layers depth of 10, 20 and 30 cm. The effect of water source electrical conductivity (Ec) and on root mass, leaf area and green leaf mass was investigated .The results indicated that:1-There were a lot of differences in soil moisture content through soil layers increasing in the upper layers of soil for layer (10-20 cm)., Also the effect of magnetized increases in soil moisture content when the distance to magnatic device less than 200 m. 2-The magnetized process decreasing water sours Ec from 4691.1 to 4467.2 ppm. 3-There were a significant percentage increase (62.7,10.61 and 26.11) and (78.7,16.98 and38.29) in leaf area, leaf green mass and root mass when the magnetic instrument at distances of 200 and 50 m away from the target area.
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