El objetivo de esta investigación fue la comprensión de los motivos que llevaron a un grupo de jóvenes universitarios a optar por el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas de uso legal e ilegal. Se trató de una investigación cualitativa de estudio de caso, con diseño fenomenológico, en la cual participaron 32 estudiantes. Las técnicas investigativas fueron la observación participante, la observación no participante y los grupos focales. Para el análisis de datos se aplicó la distinción de momentos y reducciones fenomenológicas y criterios de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. Los principales resultados fueron que las sustancias más consumidas son el alcohol, el tabaco y la marihuana, en tanto que las motivaciones se asocian al ámbito familiar, académico, de la relación entre pares, a la decisión personal, el microtráfico de sustancias de uso ilegal y el comercio de sustancias legales. El consumo de drogas resulta de una red de determinaciones sociales, en relación con la cual, la Universidad podría abrir un debate crítico y autorreflexivo en función del sujeto y no de las sustancias.
Background: Adolescence is a stage of transition with multiple changes and transformations. It is a critical phase to potentiate or disrupt the life course of human beings. In Latin America, adolescents and young adults from countries like Colombia have unequal access to socioeconomic resources, education, and the job market. This may generate social disadvantages and vulnerability. Aim: We aimed to identify conditions of social vulnerability and psychosocial resilience in the life course of adolescents and young adults from a community art network in Bogota, Colombia. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study with a multivocal design supported by the ethnic-social life history construction. The data were collected using narrative interviews. The interviews were transcribed, coded, categorized, and triangulated according to the principles of grounded theory as an analytical method. We adhered to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. Results: Eight adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 24 years participated in the study. Five categories emerged: social vulnerability, social environment, artistic processes, psychosocial resilience, and life course. Conclusions: Social vulnerability and psychosocial resilience coexist during the life course of adolescents and young adults. Social support networks and community art processes have the potential to promote psychosocial resilience in adolescents and young adults.
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