Introduction: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is among the most common infections in cirrhotic patients. Data on SBP are rare in Cameroon. This prompted us to carry out this study on patients with decompensated cirrhosis of the liver in Yaounde University Hospital Centre (YUHC). Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study from December 2015 to June 2016 in three units of YUHC. All patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were included. Our sampling was consecutive. Diagnosis of cirrhosis was performed, based on clinical, biological and ultrasound criteria. A neutrophil count greater than 250 cell/mm 3 in ascites fluid defined an SBP. Data on socio-demography, clinical presentation, and outcomes were collected. Results: We included 34 decompensated cirrhotic patients (15 males). Patients mean age was 57.5 ± 2 years (SBP positive: 48.7 ± 21.3 versus without SBP: 59.8 ± 19.5, p = 0.22). SBP diagnosis was made in 6 (17.7%) patients. Compared to patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and without SBP, positive SBP patients had a higher pulse rate (p = 0.002) and respiratory rate (p = 0.02).