Five priority areas of potential impact by contaminants (API) were investigated at the Presidente Bernardes Refinery in Cubatão, São Paulo, Brazil with the following aims: (i) to identify both organic and inorganic contaminants present in soil and groundwater; (ii) to define the environmental conditions relevant for microbial activity at the site and (iii) to evaluate the feasibility of employing natural attenuation for treatment of the hydrocarbon contamination. One area (API 1) was an uncontrolled landfill, where waste materials from the refinery were deposited between 1954 and 1986, and four areas (API 4, 5, 7 and 11) were located in the operational section of the refinery. Soil contamination by regulated BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, total xylenes) was restricted to two samples from API 1. Nonregulated ethylbenzene was detected in one soil sample from API 4, one from API 5 and two from API 1. No soil contained regulated PAH above threshold levels. Several nonregulated PAHs were found in 6 soil samples from API 1, 3 soil samples from API 4 and 1 soil sample from API 5. Site soils contained very high aluminium concentrations, but metal contamination was restricted to one soil sample from API 1, which contained nickel above threshold limits. BTEX contamination of groundwater was due mostly to benzene. Of the 17 PAH molecules tested, only naphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene occurred in groundwater. The sum of total BTEX and total PAH exceeded 200 microg/L in only a few monitoring wells in API 4, 5 and 11 and was always below 2.640 microg/L. Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Se, Ag, Tl and Zn were not detected in groundwater, which was contaminated in a few locations by aluminium (mostly below 1 mg/L), lead (<0.066 mg/L) and arsenic (<0.056 mg/L). S, K, Ca, Mg and Fe were present in groundwater in excess of physiological requirements for microbial growth, but low concentrations of N and P could become growth limiting. However, BTEX were efficiently degraded in saturated and unsaturated zone microcosms and nutrient amendments did not stimulate biodegradation rates measurably. The inorganic carbon pool in groundwater was up to one order of magnitude larger than the organic carbon pool. Total inorganic carbon (TIC) in API groundwater exceeded TIC of clean groundwater by factors of 2 (API 4), 6 (API 5, 7 and 11) or 10 (API 1). Most of the inorganic carbon incorporated into groundwater beneath the refinery originated from biodegradation in the unsaturated soil, which contained a microbiota (10(6) cells/g on average) capable of growth with most of the pure (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) and mixed hydrocarbons tested (diesel oil, gasoline, naphtha, condensate, aromatic residue and fuel oil). A viscous hydrocarbon paste uncovered in API 1 was insoluble in water but dissolved in dichloromethane. Many organic components of this paste were biodegradable as evidenced by weight reduction of the hydrocarbon paste and by the growth of suspended and attached biomass in saturated zone microcosms, where the paste was the onl...

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22-Mapa de isoanomalia geoquimica e posição dos perfis I e II 23-Perfil geofísico I 24-Perfil geofísico II 25-Perfìl geofisico XII ... 26-Perfil geofisico XXX 27: Mapa geoquimico regiona'l e delimitação da ãrea estudada em pormenor 28-Posição das anomalias e suas grandezas 29-PosiçãorelativadeReTeocorpocondutor 30-Posição das anoma'lias geofisicas obtidas pela técnica da associação de resíduos N9 flt¡olc¡ DE FIGURAS Pãgs. I-Localização das ãreas prospectadas 2-Grãfico das linhas de fõrça 3-Campo eletro-magn6tico de um dipolo 4-Grãfico para a correção topogrãfica 5-Campos primãrio e secundãrio 6-Intensidade da componente vertical 7-Representação grãftca das correntes 3l B-Representação vetorial do movimento harmônico 9-Modâlo vertical em profundidades variadas l0-Corpo vertica'l, frequências variadas ll-Modãlo com diferentes ângulos de inclinação 41 12-Perfil I medido sôbre o filão S. Luiz l3-Perfil II medido sôbre o filão S. Luiz 5l l4-Perfil I medido sôbre o filão Oscarino l5-Perfil II medido sôbre o filão Oscarino 16-Perfit geofisico atravõs do filão Feljciano '17-Perfil geofísico IV 18-l4apa de isoanoma'lia geoquímica e a posição do perfil III 19-Perfi I geofísico III ... 20-Mapa de isoanomalia geoquímica e posição do perfiì X 68 A.I-RESUMO Um levantamento geofís'ico de prospecção de min6rio de cobre sulfetado nos d'istritos cupríferos da llina de Camaquã, Rìo Gran de do Sul e Mina Caraiba,Bahia, foi executado, aplicando-se o m6todo eletro-magnãtico indutivo de fonte mõvel. pìicabilidade tes em fi I ões do ou A finalidade dos trabalhos foi a verifìcação da a-m6todo e equipamentos na prospecção de min6ríos existen disseminados numa matriz rochosa. 0 equipamento E.lt1.Sharpe, de construção canadense, não apresentou rendimento dada a sua baixa sensibilidade. 0 equ'ipamentot H Gun da ABEM, de constnução sueca, mostrou-se muito eficãz na determi ./.

The SP technique in conjunction wíth the injectíon of radioisotopic tracer 3H were used 00 the Saracuruna Dam (RJ) to determine hígh infiltration rate zon~ as well as the average penneability of the dam material. The results indicate the presence of zones of hígh permeability predomínantly concentrated on the right hand side of the damo SP measurements up to 20 mV were detected in several isolated areas, indicating zones of hígh permeability which were confmned índependently by the radioactíve tracer results. RESUMO Levantamentos pelos métodos do potencial espontâneo e de traçadores radioativos foram executados na Barragem de Saracuruna-RJ, com a fmalídade de determinar zonas de infIltração, bem como a permeabilidade média, em função das velocidades de deslocamento da nuvem radioativa. Os resultados obtidos permitiram comprovar a existência de vazamento na ombreira direita. InfIltrações ocorrem também pelo fundo da barragem, como indicam os potenciais de até 20mV aí encontrados.